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seemingly unrelated activities. For example, we plan to build a new facility. What hazards may be
created for other operations during construction and after the facility is operational? The Interface
Analysis reveals these hazards by focusing on energy exchanges. By looking at these potential energy
transfers between two different activities, we can often detect hazards that are difficult to detect in any
other way.
APPLICATION: An Interface Analysis should be conducted any time a new activity is being introduced
and there is any chance at all that unfavorable interaction could occur. A good cue to the need for an
Interface Analysis is the use of either the Change Analysis (indicating the injection of something new) or
the map analysis (with the possibility of interactions).
METHOD: The Interface Analysis is normally based on an outline such as the one illustrated at Figure
3.1. The outline provides a list of potential energy types and guides the consideration of the potential
interactions. A determination is made whether a particular type of energy is present and then whether
Areas with
old
Gas lines for
Medical
Areas of
former
Medical
FAA System Safety Handbook, Appendix F
December 30, 2000
F-24
there is potential for that form of energy to adversely affect other activities. As in all aspects of hazard
identification, the creation of a good Operations Analysis is vital.
Figure 1.2.3A The Interface Analysis Worksheet
RESOURCES: Interface Analyses are best accomplished when personnel from all of the involved
activities participate, so that hazards and interfaces in both directions can be effectively and
knowledgeably addressed. A safety office representative can also be useful in advising on the types and
characteristics of energy transfers that are possible.
COMMENTS: The lessons of the past indicate that we should give serious attention to use of the
Interface Analysis. Nearly anyone who has been involved in operations for any length of time can relate
stories of overlooked interfaces that have had serious adverse consequences.
EXAMPLES: An Interface Analysis using the general outline is shown below.
Energy Element
Kinetic (objects in motion)
Electromagnetic (microwave, radio, laser)
Radiation (radioactive, x-ray)
Chemical
Other
Personnel Element: Personnel moving from one area to another
Equipment Element: Machines and material moving from one area to another
Supply/materiel Element:
Intentional movement from one area to another
Unintentional movement from one area to another
Product Element: Movement of product from one area to another
Information Element: Flow of information from one area to another or interference (i.e.
jamming)
Bio-material Element
Infectious materials (virus, bacteria, etc.)
Wildlife
Odors
FAA System Safety Handbook, Appendix F
December 30, 2000
F-25
Figure 1.2.3B Example Interface Analysis
SITUATION: Construction of a heavy equipment maintenance facility is planned for
the periphery of the complex at a major facility. This is a major complex
costing over $2,000,000 and requiring about eight months to complete. The objective is
to detect interface issues in both directions. Notice that the analysis reveals a variety of
interface issues that need to be thought through carefully.
Energy Interface
Movement of heavy construction equipment
Movement of heavy building supplies
Movement of heavy equipment for repair
Possible hazmat storage/use at the facility
Personnel Interface
Movement of construction personnel (vehicle or pedestrian) through base area
Movement of repair facility personnel through base area
Possible movement of base personnel (vehicular or pedestrian) near or through the facility
Equipment Interface: Movement of equipment as indicated above
Supply Interface
Possible movement of hazmat through base area
Possible movement of fuels and gases
Supply flow for maintenance area through base area
Product Interface
Movement of equipment for repair by tow truck or heavy equipment transport through the base area
Information Interface
Damage to buried or overhead wires during construction or movement of equipment
Possible Electro-magnetic interference due to maintenance testing, arcing, etc.
Biomaterial Interface: None
1.2.4 THE ACCIDENT/INCIDENT ANALYSIS
FORMAL NAME: The Accident/Incident Analysis
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: The accident analysis
PURPOSE: Most organizations have accumulated extensive, detailed databases that are gold mines of
risk data. The purpose of the analysis is to apply this data to the prevention of future accidents or
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