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Class(es) Parameters of risk are classified in order to conduct analysis, evaluations, reviews,
presentations, etc.; i.e. generic contributory hazards, generic risks, generic events.
Code A collection of laws, standards, or criteria relating to a particular subject.
Component A combination of parts, devices, and structures, usually self-contained, which performs a
distinctive function in the operation of the overall equipment.
Configuration The requirements, design and implementation that define a particular version of a system or
system component.
Configuration
Control
The process of evaluating, approving or disapproving, and coordinating changes to
configuration items after formal establishment of their configuration identification.
Configuration
Item
A collection of hardware or software elements treated as a unit for the purpose of configuration
management.
Configuration
Management
The process of identifying and defining the configuration items in a system, controlling the
release and change of these items throughout the system life cycle, recording and reporting the
status of configuration items and change requests, and verifying the completeness and
correctness of configuration items.
Contributory The potential for harm. An unsafe act and / or unsafe condition which contributes to the
FAA System Safety Handbook, Appendix A: Glossary
December 30, 2000
A -3
CONCEPT or
TERM
DESCRIPTION
Hazard accident, (see cause, root cause, contributory events, initiator; the potential for adverse energy
flow to result in an accident.) A hazard is not an accident. A failure or a malfunction can result
in an unsafe condition, and / or unsafe act. Human error can result in an unsafe act.
Contributory Hazards define the contributory events that lead to the final outcome. For
simplicity, Contributory Hazards can also include Initiating Events and Primary Hazards.
Sequential logic defining the Hazardous Event should remain consistent throughout the hazard
analysis process.
Consequence See Risk Severity.
Control See Risk Control
Criticality Reliability term. The degree of impact that a malfunction has on the operation of a system.
Critical Path Defines the sequence of events that control the amount of time needed to complete the effort
described within the PERT (Program Evaluation Review Technique) network.
Danger Danger expresses a relative exposure to a hazard. A hazard may be present, but there may be
little danger because of the precautions taken.
Damage Damage is the severity of injury, and / or the physical, and/ or functional, and /or monetary loss
that could result if hazard control is less then adequate.
Debug The process of locating and eliminating errors that have been shown, directly or by inference, to
exist in software.
Deductive
Analysis
A top down approach of analysis logic: “What can cause a specific event to occur?”
Derived
Requirements
Essential, necessary or desired attributes not explicitly documented, but logically implied by the
documented requirements.
Development
Configuration
The requirements, design and implementation that define a particular version of a system or
system component.
Design
Handbooks,
Guides and
Manuals
Contain non-mandatory general rules, concepts, and examples of good and best practices to
assist a designer or operator.
Emulator A combination of computer program and hardware that mimic the instruction and execution of
another computer or system.
Engineering
Controls
Engineering design controls to eliminate or reduce safety related risks; also Hazard Control and
Risk Control.
Entity Item That which can be individually described and considered. May be an activity, process, product,
organization, system, person or any combination thereof.
Environment (a) The aggregate of operational and ambient conditions to include the external procedures,
conditions, and objects that affect the development, operation, and maintenance of a system.
Operational conditions include traffic density, communication density, workload, etc. Ambient
conditions include weather, emi, vibration, acoustics, etc.
(b) Everything external to a system which can affect or be affected by the system.
An act that through ignorance, deficiency, or accident departs from or fails to achieve what
FAA System Safety Handbook, Appendix A: Glossary
December 30, 2000
A -4
CONCEPT or
TERM
DESCRIPTION
Error should be done. Errors can be predictable and random. Errors can also be categorized as
primary or contributory. Primary errors are those committed by personnel immediately and
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