曝光台 注意防骗
网曝天猫店富美金盛家居专营店坑蒙拐骗欺诈消费者
altitudes for each route segment flown.
• The altitude or flight level assigned in the last
ATC clearance.
• The minimum altitude or flight level for IFR
operations.
• The altitude or flight level ATC has advised to
expect in a further clearance.
In some cases, the assigned or expected altitude may
not be as high as the MEA on the next route segment.
In this situation, pilots normally begin a climb to the
higher MEA when they reach the fix where the MEA
rises. If the fix also has a published minimum crossing altitude, they start the climb so they will be at or
above the MCA when reaching the fix. If the next
succeeding route segment has a lower MEA, descend
to the applicable altitude ⎯ either the last assigned
altitude or the altitude expected in a further clearance
⎯ when reaching the fix where the MEA decreases.
Figure 3-23. ATC Reporting Procedure Examples.
Leaving one assigned flight altitude or flight level for another
VFR-on-top change in altitude
Leaving any assigned holding fix or point
Missed approach
Unable to climb or descend at least 500 feet per minute
TAS variation from filed speed of 5% or 10 knots, whichever
is greater
Time and altitude or flight level upon reaching a holding fix
or clearance limit
Loss of nav/comm capability (required by Part 91.187)
Unforecast weather conditions or other information relating
to the safety of flight (required by Part 91.183)
"Marathon 564, leaving 8,000, climb to 10,000."
"Marathon 564, VFR-on-top, climbing to 10,500."
"Marathon 564, leaving FARGO Intersection."
"Marathon 564, missed approach, request clearance to
Chicago."
"Marathon 564, maximum climb rate 400 feet per minute."
"Marathon 564, advises TAS decrease to140 knots."
"Marathon 564, FARGO Intersection at 05, 10,000,
holding east."
"Marathon 564, ILS receiver inoperative."
"Marathon 564, experiencing moderate turbulence
at 10,000."
Leaving FAF or OM inbound on final approach
Revised ETA of more than three minutes
Position reporting at compulsory reporting points (required
by Part 91.183)
"Marathon 564, outer marker inbound, leaving 2,000."
"Marathon 564, revising SCURRY estimate to 55."
See Figure 3-24 on page 3-20 for position report items.
RADAR/NONRADAR REPORTS
These reports should be made at all times without a specific ATC request.
NONRADAR REPORTS
When you are not in radar contact, these reports should be made without a specific request from ATC.
REPORTS EXAMPLE:
REPORTS EXAMPLE:
3-20
CLIMBING AND
DESCENDING EN ROUTE
Before the days of nationwide radar coverage, en route
aircraft were separated from each other primarily by
specific altitude assignments and position reporting
procedures. Much of the pilot’s time was devoted to
inflight calculations, revising ETAs, and relaying
position reports to ATC. Today, pilots and air traffic
controllers have far more information and better tools
to make inflight computations and, with the expansion of radar, including the use of an en route flight
progress strip shown in Figure 3-26, position reports
may only be necessary as a backup in case of radar
failure or for RNAV random route navigation. Figure
3-26 also depicts the numerous en route data entries
used on a flight progress strip, generated by the
ARTCC computer. Climbing, level flight, and
descending during the en route phase of IFR flight
involves staying in communication with ATC, making necessary reports, responding to clearances,
monitoring position, and staying abreast of any
changes to the airplane’s equipment status or weather.
PILOT/CONTROLLER EXPECTATIONS
When ATC issues a clearance or instruction, pilots are
expected to execute its provisions upon receipt. In some
cases, ATC includes words that modify their expectation.
For example, the word “immediately” in a clearance or
instruction is used to impress urgency to avoid an imminent situation, and expeditious compliance is expected
and necessary for safety. The addition of a climb point
or time restriction, for example, does not authorize
pilots to deviate from the route of flight or any other
provision of the ATC clearance. If you receive a term
Identification
Position
Time
Altitude/Flight Level
IFR or VFR (in a report to an FSS only)
ETA over the next reporting fix
Following reporting point
Pertinent remarks
"Marathon 564,
Sidney
15, (minutes after the hour)
中国航空网 www.aero.cn
航空翻译 www.aviation.cn
本文链接地址：
Instrument Procedures Handbook (IPH)仪表程序手册上(74)
