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latitude and longitude, and building
identification. The
airport diagrams are
also available in the
A/FD and on the
NACO website,
Figure 2-1. Airport Sketch Included on
the KOSH ILS RWY 36 Approach Chart.
minimums less than 1,200 feet RVR. For landing operations, this would be pertinent only to those operators
whose OpsSpecs permit them to land with lower than
standard minimums. For departures, however, since
there are no regulatory takeoff minimums for Title 14
Code of Federal Regulations (14 CFR) Part 91 operators, the SMGCS information is pertinent to all
departing traffic operating in Instrument
Meteorological Conditions (IMC). Advisory Circular
(AC) 120-57A, Surface Movement Guidance and
Control System, outlines the SMGCS program in its
entirety including standards and guidelines for establishment of a low visibility taxi plan.
The SMGCS low visibility taxi plan includes the
improvement of taxiway and runway signs, markings,
and lighting, as well as the creation of SMGCS low visibility taxi route charts. [Figure 2-4 on page 2-4] The
plan also clearly identifies taxi routes and their supporting facilities and equipment. Airport enhancements
that are part of the SMGCS program include (but are
not limited to):
• Stop bars consist of a row of red unidirectional,
in-pavement lights installed along the holding
position marking. When extinguished by the controller, they confirm clearance for the pilot or
vehicle operator to enter the runway. They are
required at intersections of an illuminated taxiway
and active runway for operations less than 600 feet
RVR.
• Taxiway centerline lights, which work in conjunction with stop bars, are green in-pavement
lights that guide ground traffic under low visibility
conditions and during darkness.
• Runway guard lights, either elevated or in-pavement, will be installed at all taxiways that provide
access to an active runway. They consist of alternately flashing yellow lights, used to denote both
the presence of an active runway and identify the
location of a runway holding position marking.
• Geographic position markings, used as hold
points or for position reporting, enable ATC to
verify the position of aircraft and vehicles. These
checkpoints or “pink spots” are outlined with a
black and white circle and designated with a
number, a letter, or both.
• Clearance bars consist of three yellow in-pavement lights used to denote holding positions for
aircraft and vehicles. When used for hold points,
they are co-located with geographic position
markings.
Additional information concerning airport lighting,
markings, and signs can be found in the Aeronautical
Information Manual (AIM), as well as on the FAA’s
website at:
http://www.faa.gov/library/manuals/aviation.
2-2
http://naco.faa.gov. by selecting “Online digital - TPP.”
[Figure 2-2]
AIRPORT/FACILITY DIRECTORY
The Airport/Facility Directory (A/FD), published in
regional booklets by NACO, provides textual information about all airports, both VFR and IFR. The A/FD
includes runway length and width, runway surface,
load bearing capacity, runway slope, airport services,
and hazards such as birds and reduced visibility.
[Figure 2-3] Sketches of airports also are being added
to aid VFR pilots in surface movement activities. In
support of the FAA Runway Incursion Program, fullpage airport diagrams are included in the A/FD. These
charts are the same as those published in the IFR TPP
and are printed for airports with complex runway or
taxiway layouts.
SURFACE MOVEMENT
GUIDANCE CONTROL SYSTEM
The Surface Movement Guidance Control System
(SMGCS) was developed in 1992 to facilitate the safe
movement of aircraft and vehicles at airports where
scheduled air carriers were conducting authorized operations. This program was designed to provide guidelines
for the creation of low visibility taxi plans for all airports with takeoff or landing operations using visibility
Figure 2-2. Airport Diagram for KOSH.
ground accidents that are entirely preventable. If you
encounter unfamiliar markings or lighting, contact
ATC for clarification and, if necessary, request progressive taxi instructions. Pilots are encouraged to notify
the appropriate authorities of erroneous, misleading, or
decaying signs or lighting that would contribute to the
failure of safe ground operations.
RUNWAY INCURSIONS
A runway incursion is any occurrence at an airport
involving aircraft, ground vehicles, people, or objects on
the ground that creates a collision hazard or results in
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Instrument Procedures Handbook (IPH)仪表程序手册上(41)
