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a strategy that requires a low
visibility taxi plan for any airport with takeoff or landing
operations with less than 1,200 feet RVR visibility conditions. This plan affects both aircrew and airport vehicle
operators, as it specifically designates taxi routes to and
from the SMGCS runways and displays them on a
SMGCS Low Visibility Taxi Route chart.
4
SMGCS, pronounced “SMIGS,” is the Surface Movement Guidance and Control System. SMGCS provides for guidance and control or
regulation for facilities, information, and advice necessary for pilots of aircraft and drivers of ground vehicles to find their way on the airport
during low visibility operations and to keep the aircraft or vehicles on the surfaces or within the areas intended for their use. Low visibility
operations for this system means reported conditions of RVR 1,200 or less.
Figure 1-17. Flow Control
Restrictions.
SMGCS is an increasingly important element in a seamless, overall gate-to-gate management concept to ensure
safe, efficient air traffic operations. It is the ground-complement for arrival and departure management and the
en route components of free flight. The FAA has supported several major research and development efforts
on SMGCS to develop solutions and prototype systems
that support pilots and ATC in their control of aircraft
ground operations.
EXPECT CHANGES IN THE ATC SYSTEM
To maintain air safety, ATC expects all aircraft to adhere
to a set of rules based on established separation standards. Until recently, air traffic controllers followed
established procedures based upon specific routes to
maintain the desired separations needed for safety. This
system has an excellent safety record for aircraft operations. Because of increases in the number of flights, the
availability of more accurate and reliable technologies,
and the inherent limitations of the existing system, there
will be many changes in the near future. Use of the free
flight concept where aircraft operators select paths, altitudes, and speeds in real time can maximize efficiency
and minimize operating costs. New technologies and
enhanced aircraft capabilities necessitate changes in
procedures, an increase in the level of automation
and control in the cockpit and in the ground system,
and more human reliance on automated information
processing, sophisticated displays, and faster data
communication.
DISSEMINATING
AERONAUTICAL INFORMATION
The system for disseminating aeronautical information
is made up of two subsystems, the Airmen’s Information
System (AIS) and the Notice to Airman (NOTAM)
System. The AIS consists of charts and publications.
The NOTAM system is a telecommunication system and
is discussed in later paragraphs. Aeronautical information disseminated through charts and publications
includes aeronautical charts depicting permanent baseline data and flight information publications outlining
baseline data.
IFR aeronautical charts include en route high altitude
conterminous U.S., and en route low altitude conterminous U.S., plus Alaska charts and Pacific Charts.
Additional charts include U.S. terminal procedures, consisting of departure procedures (DPs), standard terminal
arrivals (STARs), and standard instrument approach procedures (SIAPs).
Flight information publications outlining baseline data
in addition to the Notices to Airmen Publication (NTAP)
include the Airport/Facility Directory (A/FD), a Pacific
Chart Supplement, an Alaska Supplement, an Alaska
Terminal publication, and the Aeronautical Information
Manual (AIM).
PUBLICATION CRITERIA
The following conditions or categories of information
are forwarded to the National Flight Data Center
(NFDC) for inclusion in flight information publications
and aeronautical charts:
• NAVAID commissioning, decommissioning, outages, restrictions, frequency changes, changes in
monitoring status and monitoring facility used in
the NAS.
• Commissioning, decommissioning, and changes
in hours of operation of FAA air traffic control
facilities.
• Changes in hours of operations of surface areas
and airspace.
• RCO and RCAG commissioning, decommissioning, and changes in voice control or monitoring
facility.
• Weather reporting station commissioning,
decommissioning, failure, and nonavailability or
unreliable operations.
• Public airport commissioning, decommissioning,
openings, closings, abandonments, and some airport operating area (AOA) changes.
• Aircraft Rescue & Fire Fighting (ARFF) capability, including restrictions to air carrier operations.
• Changes to runway identifiers, dimensions, threshold placements, and surface compositions.
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Instrument Procedures Handbook (IPH)仪表程序手册上(35)
