劳斯莱斯喷气引擎－中英(90)

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节流活门
水/甲醇环腔
膜盒组件
泄油
滑油开关
来自扭矩计系统
摔油圈
伺服活门
压气机第一级
最大流量
调整限动钉
进口导向叶片
Water injection
inlet air is reduced and consequently the air density and thrust are increased. If water only was injected, it would reduce the turbine inlet temperature, but with the addition of methanol the turbine inlet temperature is restored by the burning of methanol in the combustion chamber. Thus the power is restored without having to adjust the fuel flow.
4. The injection of coolant into the combustion chamber inlet increases the mass flow through the turbine, relative to that through the compressor. The pressure and temperature drop across the turbine is thus reduced, and this results in an increased jet pipe pressure, which in turn gives additional thrust. The consequent reduction in turbine inlet temperature, due to water injection, enables the fuel system to schedule an increase of fuel flow to a value that gives

图17-3一个典型的压气机进口喷水系统
an increase in the maximum rotational speed of the engine, thus providing further additional thrust, Where methanol is used with the water, the turbine inlet temperature is restored, or partially restored, by the burning of the methanol in the combustion chamber.
COMPRESSOR INLET INJECTION
5. The compressor inlet injection system shown in fig. 17-3 is a typical system for a turbo-propeller engine. When the injection system is switched on, water/methanol mixture is pumped from an aircraft-mounted tank to a control unit. The control unit meters the flow of mixture to the compressor inlet through a metering valve that is operated by a servo piston. The servo system uses engine oil as an operating medium, and a servo valve regulates the

6.控制装置的高压滑油开关控制杆与油门控制系统以这样一种方式相互连接：油门移向起飞位置前，滑油开关是关闭的，是一节流活门也是关闭的，这就防止混合液流入压气机进口。当油门移动到起飞位置时，才打开滑油开关，滑油压力通过伺服活门后借助伺服活塞将节流活门打开。

微动电门
水喷嘴
低压水

高压水

冷却水

高压空气

滑油
燃油喷嘴
系统排放活门
节流活塞
排放活门
涡轮泵
排气限制器
轴承冷却水流
到燃油流量调节器
单向和水传感活门
来自水箱
排放
通气
单向活门
滑油箱
空气冷却水流量
空气进口限制器
排放活门
高压压气机空气
水流量传感装置
水切断活门
Water injection
图17-4 一个典型的燃烧室喷水系统
Fig. 17-4 A typical combustion chamber injection system.
supply of oil. The degree of servo valve opening is set by a control system that is sensitive to propeller shaft torque oil pressure and to atmospheric air pressure acting on a capsule assembly.
6. The control unit high pressure oil cock control lever is interconnected to the throttle control system in such a manner that, until the throttle is moved towards the take-off position, the oil cock remains closed, and thus the metering valve remains closed, preventing any mixture flowing to the compressor
inlet Movement of the throttle control to the take-off position opens the oil cock, and the oil pressure passes through the servo valve to open the metering valve by means of the servo piston.
COMBUSTION CHAMBER INJECTION
7. The combustion chamber injection system shown in fig. 17-4 is a typical system for a turbo-jet engine. The coolant flows from an aircraft-mounted tank to an air-driven turbine pump that delivers it to a water flow sensing unit. The water passes from the
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sensing unit to each fuel spray nozzle and is sprayed from two jets onto the flame tube swirl vanes, thus cooling the air passing into the combustion zone. The water pressure between the sensing unit and the discharge jets is sensed by the fuel control system, which automatically resets the engine speed governor to give a higher maximum engine speed.

8. The water flow sensing unit opens only when the correct pressure difference is obtained between 8.水流传感装置只在压气机出口空气压力和水压之间获得正常的压差时才打开。当发动机油门杆移动到起飞位置时，该系统才进入工作状态，使微动开关工作并为涡轮泵选择供气量。
 
9.传感装置也作为一个单向活门，用以防止空气压力从喷水孔反馈回来，并在水流动时，用指示灯亮来显示它。
燃烧室喷水
 
7.图17-4所示的燃烧室喷水系统是一个用于涡轮喷气发动机典型的系统。冷却剂从安装在飞机的水箱流入空气驱动的涡轮泵中，涡轮泵再把冷却剂送到水流传感器装置。氺通过传感装置，流到每个燃油喷嘴并从每个喷嘴上的两个喷水孔喷射到火焰筒漩涡叶片上，这样便冷却进入到燃烧区域的空气。在传感装置与喷水孔之间由燃烧控制统感测。它自动调整发动机转速调节器，产生出一个更高的最大发动机转速。

Water injection
compressor delivery air pressure and water pressure. The system is brought into operation when the engine throttle lever is moved to the take-off position, causing microswitches to operate and select the air supply for the turbine pump.
　
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