52.
Selected performance parameters may be recorded for trend analysis or fault detection (Part 24). Existing instruments are used, wherever possible, to provide the signals to a magnetic tape. Further instrumentation, recording air pressure from points throughout the engine, oil contamination, tank contents and scavenge oil temperature, may be provided as required for flight recording,
53.
After each flight the magnetic tape is processed by computer and the results are analyzed. Any deviation from the normal condition will enable a fault to be identified and the necessary remedial action to be taken.
Electronic indicating systems
54. Electronic indicating systems consolidate engine indications, systems monitoring, and crew alerting functions onto one or more cathode ray tubes (C.R.T.'s) mounted in the instrument panel. The information is displayed on the screen in the form of dials with digital readout and warnings, cautions and advisory messages shown as text.
50．其它仪表和灯光在适当的时候向驾驶员提出警告，这些警告有关反推力，风扇反推力或加力燃烧室的可调喷口的选择位置。有些仪表提示驾驶员这些情况：液压压力和流量，发电机输出功率等，这些对于飞机系统的正确工作是极为重要的。
52.可以记录下选定的一些性能参数供趋势分析或故障检测(第24章)。只要有可能，就使用现有仪表，将信号输入磁带机。按照飞行记录的要求可以进一步装备一些仪表，用于记录整个发动机各测量点的空气压力、滑油污染、油箱存油、滑油回油温度等。
飞机综合数据系统（A.I.D.S.）
51．飞机综合数据系统是“黑盒子”飞机事故数据记录器的扩充。通过监视和记录各种发动机参数，不管是手动的或是自动的，就有可能察觉某种早期的故障，从而防止危险情况的发生。
Controls and instrumentation
55.
Only those parameters required by the crew to set and monitor engine thrust are permanently displayed on the screen. The system monitors the remaining parameters and displays them only if one or more exceed safe limitations. The pilot can, however, override the system and elect to have all main parameters in view at any time (fig. 12-12).
56.
Warnings, cautions and advisory messages are displayed only when necessary and are colour coded to communicate the urgency of the fault to the flight crew. Provision is made to record any event or out of tolerance parameter in a non-volatile memory for later evaluation by ground maintenance crews.
57.
Electronic indicating systems offer improved flight operations by reducing the pilot workload through automatic monitoring of engine operation and a centralized caution and warning system. Reduced flight deck clutter is another feature as the
multitude of instruments traditionally present are replaced by the C.R.T.'s.
SYNCHRONIZING AND SYNCHROPHASING
58.
Synchronizing and synchrophasing systems are sometimes used on turbo-propeller engined aircraft to achieve a reduction of noise during flight.
59.
On a multi-engined aircraft, a synchronizing system ensures the propeller speeds are all the same. This is achieved by an electrical system that compares speed signals from engine-mounted generators. Out-of-balance signals, using one engine as a master signal, are automatically corrected by electrically trimming the engine speeds until all signals are equal.
60.
A synchrophasing system ensures that any given blade of an engine propeller is in the same
图12-12 典型的电子指示显示器
53.在每次飞行之后，磁带由计算机处理，并对结果作分析。根据任何偏离正常状态的记录就能将某种故障识别出来，以便采取补救措施。
电子指示系统
54.电子指示系统将发动机的指示、系统的监视、以及向驾驶员的告警功能组合在仪表板上安装的一个或几个阴极射线管(即彩色电视屏幕校注)上。有关的信息以刻度盘形式显示在视屏上，而数字式读数、警告、注意事项和建议信息则以文本方式显示。
Controls and instrumentation
relative position as the corresponding, blade of the propeller on the master engine. This again is auto-matically achieved by very fine trimming of engine speeds resulting from phase signals from the syn-chrophasing generators.
61. On turbo-jet engines, synchronization can be achieved in a similar manner to that used for a turbo-59.在多发动机飞机上，同步系统保证各个螺旋桨转速都相同。这是通过电系统将发动机上安装的发电机转速信号相比较而实现的。用一台发动机作为一个主信号，通过电路微调其它转速不同的发动机转速来自动修正，直至所有信号相等为止。
60．同相系统能保证其它发动机螺旋浆的任一桨叶与主发动机上的相应螺旋桨桨叶处于同样的相对位置上。这也是通过用同相发电机的相位信号对各发动机的转速作非常精细的微调而自动实现的。
61．对于涡轮喷气发动机，可以用与涡轮螺桨发动机所用的类似方式来实现同步。对于多转子发动机，仅有一个转子是同步的。利用同步示波器，可以手工微调发动机或轴的转速。这种目视的指示，在与主发动机比较后，可以知道其它发动机是否精确地在相同转速下运转。当然，普通的发动机转速指示器对用于同步来说，灵敏度是不够的。
55.只有那些要由驾驶员设置和监视发动机推力所要求的参数才永久性地显示在显示屏上。系统自动监视其余参数，只有其中一个或几个超过了安全的极限值时才将它们显示出来。但是驾驶员可以超控该系统并可随时选取所有主要参数以供观察（图12-12）。
中国航空网 www.aero.cn
航空翻译 www.aviation.cn
本文链接地址：劳斯莱斯喷气引擎－中英(75)
