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(a) the repeated switching on and off of the landing lights;
(b) the repeated switching on and off of the navigation lights, in such
a manner as to be distinctive from the flashing lights described in
subregulation 196 (2);
(c) a succession of white pyrotechnical lights.
(2) The following signals, used either together or separately, shall be used
by an aircraft for the purpose of giving notice that the aircraft has a
very urgent message to transmit concerning the safety of a ship,
aircraft or vehicle, or of some person on board or within sight:
(a) in radiotelegraphy, 3 repetitions of the group XXX
(– .. – – .. – – ..–), sent with the letters of each group, and the
successive groups clearly separated from each other, and sent
before the transmission of the message;
(b) in radiotelephony, 3 repetitions of the words PAN, PAN, sent
before the transmission of the message;
(c) a succession of green pyrotechnical lights;
(d) a succession of green flashes with signal apparatus.
194 Safety signal
(1) The safety signal shall be transmitted when an aircraft wishes to
transmit a message concerning the safety of navigation or to give
important meteorological warnings.
(2) The safety signal shall be sent before the call and:
(a) in the case of radiotelegraphy shall consist of 3 repetitions of the
group TTT (– – –), sent with the letters of each group and the
successive groups clearly separated from each other; and
(b) in the case of radiotelephony shall consist of the word
“SECURITY”, repeated 3 times.
Civil Aviation Regulations 1988 363
Amended CAR – 2nd Ed Legal Services Group
August 2003 Civil Aviation Safety Authority
Division 4 Lights to be Displayed by Aircraft and Lights and Markings to be
Displayed on Mooring Cables
195 Compliance with rules about lights
(1) At night and in conditions of poor visibility, the operator and the pilot
in command of an aircraft must comply with the rules in this Part
requiring lights to be displayed in relation to the aircraft.
Penalty: 25 penalty units.
(2) At night and in conditions of poor visibility, the operator and the pilot
in command of an aircraft must not allow to be displayed other lights
that are likely to be mistaken for the lights required to be displayed
under this Part.
Penalty: 25 penalty units.
(3) The operator and the pilot in command of an aircraft must ensure that
the lights displayed are not dazzling.
Penalty: 25 penalty units.
(4) If a light, which the rules of this Part require to be displayed by an
aircraft in flight, fails and the light cannot be repaired immediately, the
pilot in command of the aircraft must:
(a) notify air traffic control immediately; or
(b) if this is not possible, land the aircraft as soon as it can be landed
without danger.
Penalty: 25 penalty units.
(5) An offence against subregulation (1), (2), (3) or (4) is an offence of
strict liability.
Note For strict liability, see section 6.1 of the Criminal Code.
196 Aeroplanes in flight or on the manoeuvring area of land
aerodromes
(1A) The operator and the pilot in command of an aeroplane in flight, or
operating on the manoeuvring area of a land aerodrome, must ensure
that the lights required by this regulation to be displayed on the
aeroplane are so displayed.
Penalty: 25 penalty units.
(1) Unless CASA otherwise directs, an aeroplane in flight or operating on
the manoeuvring area of a land aerodrome shall display the following
navigation lights:
(a) an unobstructed red light projected above and below the
horizontal plane through an angle from dead ahead to 110° port;
(b) an unobstructed green light projected above and below the
horizontal plane through an angle from dead ahead to 110°
starboard; and
364 Civil Aviation Regulations 1988
Legal Services Group Amended CAR – 2nd Ed
Civil Aviation Safety Authority August 2003
(c) an unobstructed white light projecting above and below the
horizontal plane rearward through an angle of 140°, equally
distributed on the port and starboard sides.
(2) Unless CASA otherwise directs, navigation lights shall be steady
lights.
(3) Unless CASA otherwise directs, an aeroplane in flight or operating on
the manoeuvring area of a land aerodrome shall display, in addition to
the navigation lights, an anti-collision light consisting of a flashing red
light visible in all directions within 30 degrees above and 30 degrees
below the horizontal plane of the aeroplane.
(4) Where the lights are flashing lights, the aircraft:
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