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166A Designation — carriage of radio
(1) CASA may designate a non-controlled aerodrome in the vicinity of
which a serviceable aircraft VHF radio must be carried in aircraft.
(2) CASA must ensure that details of a designation under subregulation
(1) are published in AIP or NOTAMS.
(3) A pilot in command of an aircraft that is operating in the vicinity of
an aerodrome designated under subregulation (1) must broadcast on,
and monitor, the VHF frequency in use for the aerodrome when
inbound to land, before entering a runway and when in the vicinity of
the aerodrome.
Penalty: 25 penalty units.
(4) An offence against subregulation (3) is an offence of strict liability.
(5) It is a defence to a prosecution under subregulation (4) if the
defendant had a reasonable excuse.
Note A defendant bears an evidential burden in relation to the matter in
subregulation (5) (see subsection 13.3 (3) of the Criminal Code).
167 Operation on or in the vicinity of a controlled aerodrome
(1) The pilot in command of an aircraft that is part of the aerodrome
traffic at a controlled aerodrome must:
(a) maintain a lookout for other aerodrome traffic to avoid collision;
and
(b) either:
(i) maintain a continuous listening watch on the radio
frequency authorised for communications with aerodrome
control service at the aerodrome; or
(ii) if that is not possible, keep a watch for any instructions
given by visual signals; and
(c) obtain, either by radio or visual signals, prior authorisation from
the air traffic control service for the aerodrome for any
manoeuvre preparatory to, or associated with, taxiing, landing or
taking off of the aircraft; and
(d) unless otherwise instructed by air traffic control:
(i) to the extent practical, land and take off into the wind; and
(ii) before landing, descend in a straight line starting at least
500 metres from the threshold of the landing runway and at
a distance common to the ordinary course of navigation for
the aircraft type; and
(iii) after take-off, maintain the same track from the take-off
until the aircraft is 500 feet above the terrain unless a
change to the track is necessary for terrain avoidance; and
(iv) make all turns to the left when approaching for a landing or
after take-off.
Penalty: 25 penalty units.
(2) An offence against subregulation (1) is an offence of strict liability.
Replacement Page — Amdt No. 11
November 2005
Civil Aviation Regulations 1988 333
Amended CAR – 2nd Ed Legal Services Group
August 2003 Civil Aviation Safety Authority
168 Aerodromes at which the operation of aircraft is not restricted
to runways
(1) Subject to this regulation, at aerodromes where the operation of
aircraft is not restricted to prepared runways, the pilot in command of
an aircraft must, as far as possible, observe the following rules when
landing and taking off:
(a) aircraft, when landing, shall land on the right of any aircraft
which has already landed or is about to land, or which is takingoff
or about to take-off;
(b) aircraft, when taking-off, shall take-off on the right of any aircraft
which is already taking-off;
(c) aircraft, when landing or taking-off, shall leave a reasonable
space on the right for other aircraft to land or take-off;
(d) aircraft, when manoeuvring on the ground, shall normally do so
in the direction of landing, but aircraft may cross the landing area
if, in the course of the crossing, all turns are made to the left and
the aircraft gives free way to all aircraft landing and taking-off.
Penalty: 25 penalty units.
(1A) An offence against subregulation (1) is an offence of strict liability.
Note For strict liability, see section 6.1 of the Criminal Code.
(2) The rules specified in paragraphs (1) (a), (b), (c) and (d) do not apply
at an aerodrome at which they would otherwise apply:
(a) where CASA has directed that those rules are not to apply at that
aerodrome;
(b) where a person performing duty in air traffic control has, by
radio, directed that those rules are not to apply at that aerodrome;
or
(c) where a right-handed arrow of conspicuous colour is displayed in
the signal area or at the end of the runway or strip in use at that
aerodrome.
(3) At an aerodrome at which a ground signal of the kind referred to in
paragraph (2) (c) is displayed, aircraft, when landing and taking-off, as
far as possible shall observe the rules specified in paragraphs (1) (a),
(b) and (c) as if the references in those paragraphs to “the right” were
references to “the left” and shall observe the rule specified in
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