FAA规章 美国联邦航空规章 Federal Aviation Regulations 1(10)

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Indicated airspeed means the speed of an aircraft as shown onitspitot static airspeed indicator calibrated to re.ect standard atmosphere adiabatic compressible .ow at sea level uncorrected for airspeed system errors.
Instrument means adevice using aninternal mechanism to show visually or aurally the attitude, altitude, or operation of anaircraftor aircraftpart.Itincludes electronic devices for automatically controlling an aircraft in .ight.
Interstate air commerce means the carriage by aircraft of persons or property for compensation or hire, or the carriage of mail by aircraft, or the operation or na-vigation of aircraft in the conduct or furtherance of a business or vocation, in commerce between a place in any State of the United States, or the District of Columbia, and a place in any other State of the United States, or the District of Columbia; or between places in the same State of the United States through the airspace over anyplace outsidethereof; orbetweenplacesinthe sameterritory or possession of the United States, or the District of Columbia.
Interstate air transportation means the carriage by aircraft of persons or property as a common carrier for compensation or hire, or the carriage of mail by aircraft in commerce :
(1)
Between a place in a State or the District of Columbia and another place in another State or the District of Columbia;

(2)
Between places in the same State through the airspace over any place outside thatState; or

(3)
Betweenplacesinthe samepossession oftheUnitedStates;Whetherthat commerce moves wholly by aircraft or partly by aircraft and partly by other forms of transportation.

Intrastate air transportation means the carriage ofpersons orproperty as a common carrier for compensation or hire, by turbojet-powered aircraft capable of carrying thirty or more persons, wholly within the same State of the United States.
Kite means a framework, covered with paper, cloth, metal, or other material, intended to be .own at the end of a rope or cable, and having as its only support the force of the wind moving past its surfaces.
Landing gear extended speed means the maximum speed at which an aircraft can be safely .own with the landing gear extended.
Landing gear operating speed means the maximum speed at which thelandinggear can be safely extended or retracted.
Large aircraft means aircraft of more than 12,500 pounds, maximum certi.cated ta-keo. weight.
Lighter-than-air aircraft means aircraft that can rise and remain suspended by using contained gas weighing less than the air that is displaced by the gas.
Load factor means the ratio of a speci.ed load to the total weight of the aircraft. The speci.ed load is expressed in terms of any of the following : aerodynamic forces, inertiaforces, orground or water reactions.
Long-range communication system(LRCS) . A system that uses satellite relay, data link, high frequency, or another approved communication system which ex-tends beyond line of sight.
Long-range navigation system(LRNS) . An electronic navigation unit that is ap-provedforuseunderinstrument .ightrulesasaprimary meansof navigation,and has at least one source of navigational input, such as inertial navigation system, globalpositioning system,Omega/verylowfrequency, orLoranC.
Mach number means the ratio of true airspeed to the speed of sound.
Main rotor means the rotor that supplies the principal lift to a rotorcraft.
Maintenance meansinspection, overhaul, repair,preservation, and the replacement of
parts, but excludes preventive maintenance. Major alteration means an alteration not listed in the aircraft, aircraft engine, or propeller speci.cations–
(1)
That might appreciably a.ect weight, balance, structural strength, perfor-mance,powerplant operation, .ight characteristics,orotherqualitiesa.ecting airworthiness; or

(2)
Thatis notdone accordingto acceptedpractices or cannotbedoneby elemen-tary operations.
　
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