6.2.3.2 Use may be made of direction-finding bearings to assist in radar identification of an aircraft. This method, however, shall not be used as the sole means of establishing radar identification, unless so prescribed by the appropriate ATS authority for particular cases under specified conditions.
6.2.3.3 When two or more radar position indications are observed in close proximity, or are observed to be making similar movements at the same time, or when doubt exists as to the identity of a radar position indication for any other reason, changes of heading should be prescribed or repeated as many times as necessary, or additional methods of identification should be employed, until all risk of error in identification is eliminated.
6.3 Transfer of radar identification
6.3.1 Transfer of radar identification from one radar controller to another should only be attempted, when it is considered that the aircraft is within the accepting controller’s radar coverage.
VI. Radar Services
6.3.2 Transfer of radar identification shall be effected by one of the following methods:
a) designation of the radar position indication by automated means, provided that only one radar position indication is thereby indicated and there is no possible doubt of correct identification;
b) notification of the discrete code of the aircraft;
Note.— The use of this procedure requires a system of code assignment which ensures that each aircraft in a given portion of airspace is assigned a discrete code (see 5.2.2.7).
c) notification that the aircraft is Mode S-equipped with an aircraft identification feature when Mode S coverage is available;
d) direct designation (pointing with the finger) of the radar position indication, if the two radar displays are adjacent, or if a common “conference” type of radar display is used;
Note.— Attention must be given to any errors which might occur due to parallax effects.
e) designation of the radar position indication by reference to, or in terms of bearing and distance from, a geographical position or navigational facility accurately indicated on both radar displays, together with the track of the observed radar position indication if the route of the aircraft is not known to both controllers;
Note.— Caution must be exercised before establishing radar identification using this method, particularly if other radar position indications are observed on similar headings and in close proximity to the aircraft under radar control. Inherent radar deficiencies, such as inaccuracies in bearing and distance of the radar position indications displayed on individual radars and parallax errors, may cause the indicated position of an aircraft in relation to the known point to differ between the two radar displays. The appropriate ATS authority may, therefore, prescribe additional conditions for the application of this method, e.g.:
i) a maximum distance from the common reference point used by the two controllers; and
ii) a maximum distance between the radar position indication as observed by the accepting controller and the one stated by the transferring controller.
f) instruction to the aircraft by the transferring controller to change code and the observation of the change by the accepting controller; or
g) instruction to the aircraft by the transferring controller to squawk IDENT and observation of this response by the accepting controller;
Note.— Use of procedures f) and g) requires prior co-ordination between the controllers, since the indications to be observed by the accepting controller are of short duration.
6.4 Position information
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