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and can cause severe local damage or burns if it comes
in contact with the eyes or skin. It can penetrate skin to
cause systemic effects similar to those produced when
swallowed or inhaled. If inhaled, the vapor causes local
irritation of eye and respiratory tract and systemic effects.
On short exposure, systemic effects involve the central
nervous system with symptoms including tremors. On
exposure to high concentrations, convulsions and possible
death follow. Repeated or prolonged exposures
may cause damage to the liver and kidneys, as well as
anemia.
(2) FIRST AID. Remove the victim from the contaminated
environment, remove all contaminated clothing and
wash propellant from the skin with water. If eyes have
been exposed, flush with water for at least 15 minutes
and get immediate medical attention. Emergency limits
for exposure to hydrazine vapors are in concentrations
of 30 parts per million for 10 minutes, 20 PPM for 30
minutes, and 10 PPM for 60 minutes. Irreversible health
effects occur at 80 PPM for 30 minutes. Such high concentrations
are only attainable in enclosed areas like a
hangar and cannot be achieved in open air.
(3) RESPIRATORY PROTECTION. Entry into a hydrazine
atmosphere is extremely hazardous and only warranted
in dire emergency. Approved respiratory protection
shall be worn at all times when working in atmospheres
where there is a potential for exposure to hazardous
vapors.
(4) FIRE HAZARD. Hydrazine is a strong
reducingagent. It is hypergolic with oxidizers such as
nitrogen tetroxide and metal oxides of iron, copper, lead,
etc. Spontaneous ignition may occur if it is absorbed in
rags, cotton waste, etc. Hydrazine will ignite when exposed
to heat, flame or oxidizing agents. The flashpoint
is 126°F (52°C). As opposed to liquid form, hydrazine
vapors as much more sensitive to electrical sparks, embers,
flame, etc. Move container to area from fire area if
possible without risk. Ignited vapor will continue to burn
exothermically without air or other oxidants. Decomposition
starts exothermically at 320°F. Spray cooling water
on containers exposed to flame or smoldering debris until
well after fire is out.
(5) AIRCRAFT AND AMOUNT. The F-16 has 6.8 and
the Orbiter Vehicle has 1676 US gallons.
(6) CLEAN UP. Specific hydrazine cleanup and
firefight-ing instructions are contained in USAF Technical
Orders T.O. 42Bl-1-18, General Procedures Handling
of H-70, Hydrazine-Water and T.O. IF-16C-2-49GS-OO-
1, H-70 Fuel Spill Management and Neutralization.
j. HYDROGEN-LIQUID. A non-toxic, non-corrosive,
transparent, colorless, and odorless liquid of low viscosity.
(1) HEALTH HAZARD. In gaseous form, hydrogen
acts as a simple asphyxiant. If in very high concentration,
atmospheric oxygen content may be reduced and
oxygen deprivation will result Contact with skin can cause
serious burns.
(2) FIRST AID. If contact with skin occurs, flush affected
area with water. Extensive burns will require
prompt medical attention.
(3) RESPIRATORY PROTECTION. Approved respiratory
protection shall be worn. Self-contained breathing
equipment that uses oxygen should be of the re
breathing type to minimize release of oxygen to the atmosphere.
Ifdemand-type equipment is used, compressed
air must be used.
(4) FIRE HAZARD. Hydrogen gas is highly combustible
with air over a wide range of mixtures and will explode
when heated. When no impurities are present,
hydrogen burns in air with an invisible flame. Liquid hydrogen
evaporates rapidly, consequently fires are of short
duration. Vapors are heavier than air and spreads on
and around th e affected area and low spots. May travel
back to source of ignition and flash back.
TO 00-105E-9
(5) AIRCRAFT AND LOCATION. Orbiter Vehicle has
two tanks in the middle of the fuselage.
k. HYPERGOLIC MIXTURES. Hypergolic mixtures are
used as propellants for rockets and missiles. Hypergolic
fuels ignite on contact with certain chemical oxidizers
anddo not require an ignition source. Examples of hypergolic
combinations used missile/rocket propulsion systems
are:
(1) MIXTURE NO.1. Fuels: ammonia, hydrazine, hydrogen.
Oxidizers: fluorine or chlorine trifluoride.
(2) MIXTURE NO.2. Fuels: hydrazine, analine, furfmyl
alcohol, deta hydrazine. Oxidizers: nitric acid.
(3) MIXTURE NO.3. Fuels: hydrazine, unsymmetrical
dimethyl-hydrazine. Oxidizers: hydrogen peroxide.
(4) MIXTURE NO.4. Fuels: aniline, hydrazine, furfuryl
alcohol. Oxidizers: nitrogen tetroxide.
(5) HEALTH HAZARDS. The health hazards include
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