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bits into a program variable and manipulate them directly with any
standard mathematical manipulation.
Mixed Formats
The 32-bit message words can also include discrete information, either
mixed with BCD or BNR data, or as separate messages. Unused bits in a
word may be assigned one bit per variable starting in Bit #11 until the data
field is reached. If there are no discretes encoded the word, the unused
positions are filled with zeros.
ARINC 429 Tutorial ARINC 429 Data Types
ARINC Protocol Tutorial 11
Discrete Data Formats
A large number of ARINC 429 words are dedicated entirely to discretes;
these are spelled out in Reference 3. Table 6 shows a word used to
transmit engine data.
Table 6. Dedicated Discrete Example
Bit Function 1 0
1 Label 005 X
2 Label 005 X
3 Label 005 X
4 Label 005 X
5 Label 005 X
6 Label 005 X
7 Label 005 X
8 Label 005 X
9 SDI
10 SDI
11 PAD X
12 PAD X
13 Failure to clear serial data interrupt Fail Pass
14 ARINC received fail Fail Pass
15 PROM checksum fail Fail Pass
16 User RAM fail Fail Pass
17 NV RAM address fail Fail Pass
18 NV RAM bit fail Fail Pass
19 RTC fail Fail Pass
20 Microprocessor fail Fail Pass
21 Battery low Fail Pass
22 NV RAM corrupt Fail Pass
23 Not used
24 Not used
25 Not used
26 Interrogate activated
27 Erase activated Activated Non-Act.
28 Bit activated Activated Non-Act.
29 SSM Activated Non-Act.
30 SSM
31 SSM
Data Translation Method ARINC 429 Tutorial
12 ARINC Protocol Tutorial
Bit Function 1 0
32 Parity (Odd)
Maintenance Data
ARINC 429 also provides for transmission and acknowledgment of
maintenance data and alphanumeric messages. These functions usually
involve exchanging a sequence of messages. Alphanumeric messages use
ISO Alphabet No. 5. These message types are being superseded by a bitoriented
protocol, which is described later in the tutorial. If you need more
information, refer to the specification.
Data Translation Method
Each data item that can be transmitted is assigned a label code, and these
are listed in ARINC Specification. Examples of labels are shown in Table
7 for BCD and Table 8 for BNR.
ARINC 429 Tutorial Data Translation Method
ARINC Protocol Tutorial 13
Table 7. Examples of BCD Labels
Label Equip ID
(hex) Parameter Name Units Range
Scale Digits + Res.
Min. Tx
Rate
(Msec)
Max. Tx
Rate
(Msec)
010 002 Present Position -
Latitude
Degrees-
Minutes
180N -
180S
6 N 0.1 250 500
004 Present Position -
Latitude
Degrees
Minutes
180N -
180S
6 N 0.1 250 500
038 Present Position -
Latitude
Degrees
Minutes
180N -
180S
6 N 0.1 250 500
014 004 Magnetic Heading Degrees 0 -359.9 4 0.1 250 500
005 Magnetic Heading Degrees 0 -359.9 4 0.1 250 500
038 Magnetic Heading Degrees 0 -359.9 4 0.1 250 500
Table 8. Examples of BNR Labels
Label
Equip ID
(hex)
Parameter Name Units Range
(Scale)
Bits Res. Min. Tx
Rate
(Msec)
Max. Tx
Rate
(Msec)
064 03C Tire Pressure (nose) psia 1024 10 1.0 50 250
102 002 Selected Altitude feet 65536 16 1.0 100 200
020 Selected Altitude feet 65536 16 1.0 100 200
029 DC Current (Battery) amps 256 8 1.0 100 200
0A1 Selected Altitude feet 65536 16 1.0 100 200
Labels may be associated with more than one equipment type, and the
equipment IDs associated with the examples are shown in Table 9. Thus
BCD label 010 is always present latitude, but it can pertain to three
different sources, the Flight Management Computer, the Inertial Reference
System, or ADIRS. BCD label 014 is either Magnetic Heading from the
Inertial Reference System, Attitude and Heading Reference System, or
ADIRS.
Table 9. Equipment IDs for Tables 6 and 7
Equipment ID (Hex) Equipment Type
002 Flight Management Computer
004 Inertial Reference System
005 Attitude and Heading Reference System
020 DFS System
029 ADDCS and EICAS
038 ADIRS
03C Tire Pressure Monitoring System
0A1 FCC Controller
Data Translation Method ARINC 429 Tutorial
14 ARINC Protocol Tutorial
In Table 8 BNR label 064 is the nose tire pressure from the Tire Pressure
Monitoring System. BNR label 102 can be selected altitude or DC current
depending on the equipment ID. Table 7 and Table 8 also show the
parameters which identify the units of measure, the range or scale, the
significant digits (BCD) or bits (BNR), the positive sense of the quantity,
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