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6106 all A A A
6082 all A A A
6061 all A A A
7020 T6 A A C
7003 T6/T7 A A B
7108 T6/T7 A A B
A = very good; B = good; C = fair; D = poor, to be avoided
TABLE V.4
Aluminium extrusion billets
47
EUROPEAN ALUMINIUM ASSOCIATION
6.3. Castings
In commercial vehicles, the
most commonly used alloys are
21100, 42000, 42100, 43000,
44000.
Their chemical composition and
mechanical properties can be
found in standard EN 1706 and
Table V.5 reflects their casting
characteristics.
CASTING CHARACTERISTICS
Alloy Fluidity Resistance to Pressure Machinability Corrosion
hot tearing tightness resistance
21100 C D D A D
42000 B A B B B/C
42100 B A B B B
43000 A A B B B
44000 A A A C B
A = very good; B = good; C = fair; D = poor, to be avoided
TABLE V.5
Semi-trailer chassis beam
made out of two extruded flanges
and a sheet as web
Extruded rail for sliding curtain
48
ALUMINIUM IN COMMERCIAL VEHICLES CHAPTER V ALUMINIUM ALLOYS FOR COMMERCIAL VEHICLES 48 | 49
6.4. Selection guide for the different alloys (indicative)
Beside these well known alloys
it is possible to define, in cooperation
with the supplier of the
semis, tailor made products that
offer best performance for the
foreseen purpose.
Alloy, temper
3003*, 5005*, 5052*
6005 T6, 6005A T6, 6063A T6
6060 T6, 6063 T6
*coated sheets
Van body
Tipper with ribbed sides
Curtainsider body
Tipper or self-discharging
body with smooth sides
Alloy, temper
6005 T6, 6005A T6, 6005A T5
6005 T6
6060 T5/T6
6063 T6
6005AT6
5083 H111, 5754 H111
5083 H34/H32/H321 • 5086 H24
5383 H34 • 5454 H22/H24
5456 H34
in case of self-discharging floor
Tank for liquid bulk
do not allow weight optimization of ADR tanks
Chassis beam:
two profiles
one plate
Chassis beam:
one single profile
Alloy, temper
6005A T5/T6, 6082 T6
5083 H111/H34
5086 H111/H24
5456 H34
Alloy (O/H111 for all) Silo for solid bulk
5083, 5086, 5383, 5454, 5754
5182, 5186, 5059, 5088
OTHER APPLICATIONS
Wheels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6061, 6082
Diesel fuel tanks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5052, 5754
Tail lifts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6005A
Floors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6082, 5086, 5754
Framing for buses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6060, 6005A
Sides & roofs for buses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3003, 5005
Crash modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6008
Bumper beams, crash boxes
& roll over protections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7003, 7108
Suspension parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21100
Structural components-Hinges-Supports . .42000, 42100
Complex shapes with medium strength . . . . . . . .43000
Very complex shapes
without structural function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44000
49
EUROPEAN ALUMINIUM ASSOCIATION
Aluminium alloys change their
mechanical and corrosion resistance
properties when subjected
to temperatures other than
ambient temperature. Tables V.6
& V.7 show the interrelationship
between service temperature
and mechanical properties. In
Figure V.1 this is shown for one
alloy graphically.
7. Influence of temperature
on mechanical properties
CHANGE IN MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF 5086 O AFTER
HOLDING AT TEMPERATURE FOR 10,000 HOURS
Temperature Mechanical properties (*)
C° Rm (MPa) Rp 0,2 (MPa) A%
-196 390 140 34
-80 280 120 26
-28 270 120 24
+20 270 120 22
+100 270 120 26
+150 210 110 35
+200 155 105 45
TABLE V.6
CHANGE IN MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF 6082 T6 AFTER
HOLDING AT TEMPERATURE FOR 10,000 HOURS
Temperature Mechanical properties (*)
C° Rm (MPa) Rp 0,2 (MPa) A%
-196 380 330 16
-80 330 295 13
-28 330 285 12
+20 320 285 12
+100 300 265 15
+150 240 220 18
+200 130 105 28
(*) Mean values. These properties are measured at test temperature.
TABLE V.7
50
Rm - Rp 0,2
MPa
A%
Rm
A%
Rp 0,2
-196 ° + 20 ° + 200 °
Temperature °C
500
400
300
200
100
0
50
40
30
20
10
ALUMINIUM IN COMMERCIAL VEHICLES CHAPTER V ALUMINIUM ALLOYS FOR COMMERCIAL VEHICLES 50 | 51
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