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available in the IDENT page. You must select which cycle you want to use. It is important that the cycle
also matches the cycle that you have downloaded and installed in the GC. It may be required that you are
“connected” to MSFS for the update to take place properly.
Please note, that if you update navdata then you will also need to update your respective paper charts.
They also need to match or at least to be checked against your new navdata.
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Flight Models
This is a supplementary article. The reason for which is to stress the importance of correct loading and
balance of your flight models.
For successful and controlled flight using Project Magenta software it is important that you have a good
flight model. To some degree the software will try to learn the characteristics of your particular chosen
flight model but this can only go so far.
Flight models that are made and have internal characteristics that are outside the realistic flight envelopes
may present problems. These range from difficult to follow FD’s (because perhaps the aircraft is out of
balance) to unstable approaches with the AP engaged and inaccurate altitude captures. The problems
stemming from very inaccurate flight models can have a detrimental effect on what is perceived to the
pilot. Project Magenta does not provide flight models and it is good practice to find good models for use
with MSFS and spend considerable time researching and testing in this area to fully realize the potential of
the simulation. It should be stressed, this is not a limitation of MSFS, in fact, the simulation platform has a
very powerful flight model engine, it is more that this needs to be fully realized by the end user, whether
the end user is editing these characteristics themselves, or has chosen third party add-on flight models.
Having found a good flight model, the second and equally important factor to effective and realistic
operation of your simulation platform is weight & balance.
Weight & Balance
The weight and balance of your flight model is fundamental to effective performance and operation of your
simulator. An overweight or a flight model that has a Centre of Gravity outside the flight model limitations
is inefficient and possibly will degrade all sorts of flight performance characteristics relating to effective
simulated flight.
Weight
Overweight aircraft will have many side effects some of which are:
• Higher Vspeeds, inaccurate take-off distances and landing
• Stalling speeds effected
• Rate and angle of climb
• Engine performance
• Maneuvering impaired in both automatic and manual flight
So, when establishing the ‘load’ of your air-file, pay attention to the station loads and also the fuel load.
The ‘actual’ airfile weight is read by the CDU and shown in brackets (xxx). The pilot entered weight (via
LSK CDU entry) and resultant GW should generally match the bracketed actual air model weight. Note that
a common error is not to allow for the differences of lbs and weights in kgs. Once you are certain that you
are happy with your weights then you can (as an option) removed the secondary bracketed weight
indication (ini file option). This is not an indication seen on the real a/c and is there as a cross reference –
you should consider removing it if it is likely to cause confusion to pilots operating your simulator. To recap,
and for the avoidance of doubt, the bracketed (xxx) weight after the indicated weight is measuring the
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actual weight of the MSFS airfile. But the computations of the FMC are not based on the bracketed weight,
they are based on weights entered into the CDU.
Balance
At the same time that overall weight is considered, the balance of the load is also to be considered and is
equally important.
The centre of lift will effect the flight characteristics and the normal Centre of Gravity is usually 25% aft of
the leading edge of the wing (it is more complex than this for swept wing a/c but it is enough to work on
this theory in the bounds of MSFS at this time). This should provide good longitudinal stability. If the CofG
is too far aft or too far forward, then you can end up with a flight model that is difficult to control,
especially with the elevator, this can result in having to apply larger than normal trim inputs, and in worst
case scenarios, even running out of elevator and elevator trim authority. So, making turns with an out of
balance a/c can result in abnormal pitch tendencies, making flight in instrument conditions, perhaps trying
to follow the FD much more difficult due to the induced instability. So, the longitudinal stability mainly
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