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engine thrust alone, most famously in Sioux City, Iowa in 1989. Unfortunately, it is
expensive, and no MD-11 customer asked for its planes to be retrofitted with the PCA
system.
McDonnell-Douglas MD-11 Operating Manual
Page 5
PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENTS
Pilots who love a career flying challenge are in love with the MD-11. Carriers think a lot
of the MD-11, too. Lufthansa Cargo said the MD-11F (freighter version) is the most
economical and environmentally friendly airplane on the market. It requires 25% less
fuel per ton/kilometer than the Boeing 747-200F, and has much lower emission rates. It
is a quiet jet, with noise levels well below the strictest sound emission regulations. The
enlarged hatch and semi-automatic loading system get high marks, making it possible to
load and unload cargo faster. The plane soon became popular with freight carriers.
The MD-11 temporarily suffered a setback when discovered it did not meet advertised
payload/range specifications. These problems were solved when McDonnell-Douglas
enacted a performance improvement program (PIP) in order to reduce drag, weight,
and fuel consumption. PIP was very successful, with performance improved by 8%, and
fuel burn improvements were up, by up to 3%. However by the time the program was
completed, the MD-11 was facing competition from comparable long-range airliners,
such as the Boeing 777. Because of the additional cost of maintaining and operating a
third engine, customers started to lean towards the 777.
BOEING BUYS MCDONNELL-DOUGLAS IN 1997
After Boeing purchased McDonnell-Douglas in 1997, production on the MD-11 was
halted three years later. It was predicted by McDonnell-Douglas that well over 300 units
would be built, when 195 total units actually were. Subsequently, it sold to 22 carriers.
Federal Express purchased the most with 31 freighter versions, Delta Air Lines tied for
second place with Varig, each having 15, and Swissair bought 14. Japan Airlines and
KLM also bought 10. Many serve on long trans-oceanic routes.
DELTA SAYS GOODBYE TO THE MD-11
Wednesday, January the 1st 2004 was a sad day for many of us. This was the last day
an MD-11 would wear the Delta colors on a scheduled flight. N807DE wearing the OC
scheme landed at Atlanta from Narita, it was received with honor by the Atlanta
Hartsfield Fire Fighters unit, spraying gallons of water over his shinny fuselage.
After that many Delta MD-11´s where translated to the dessert awaiting a new
exploiter. Luckily some of them where recently bought by FedEx (Federal Express).
Although these planes wont wear the Delta scheme again we are happy to know they
are going to continue flying. We will see them with a different scheme but we will know
they once flew for Delta.
McDonnell-Douglas MD-11 Operating Manual
Page 6
AIRCRAFT SPECIFICATIONS
TYPE MD-11P MD-11F MD-11CF MD-11 Combi
LENGTH 202”
WINGSPAN 169’ 10”
WING AREA 3,648 ft2
HEIGHT 57’ 11”
EMPTY WEIGHT 291,600 lb
MAX. WEIGHT 602,500 -
630,500 lbs 630,500 lbs 602,500 - 630,500
lbs
STD. SEATING 285 - 410 None 350 - 410 181 - 214
MAX. RANGE 7,630 - 8,225
nm 4,450 nm 4,450 7,620
nm 6,495 nm
ENGINE TYPE PW4460, PW4462 or GE CF6-80C2
TOTAL THRUST 180,000, 186,000, 184,000 lbs
FUEL CAPACITY 38,615 gal
LOWER CARGO 6,850 ft3 935 ft3
MAIN CARGO None 15,530 ft3 14,508 ft3 3,590 ft3
CEILING 45,000 feet MSL (FL450)
CRUISE SPEED Typical FL310: Mach .74 (280 KIAS), FL360: Mach .87 (286 KIAS)
MAX RANGE FL310: Mach .72, FL360: Mach .86
TAKEOFF SPEED (460,000 lbs gross weight) V1=134 KIAS, Vr=150 KIAS, V2=163 KIAS
MD-11P=Passenger MD-11F=Freighter
MD-11CF=Convertible Freighter=P or F MD-11 Combi=P+F
McDonnell-Douglas MD-11 Operating Manual
Page 7
RECOMMENDED EQUIPMENT
Delta Virtual Airlines provides 32-bit Windows aircraft fleet installer utilities for its
aircraft, as part of its Fleet Library. The MD-11 Fleet Installer contains the International
Flightsim Design Group (IFDG) MD-11 in a variety of Delta, Alitalia and Korean Air Lines
liveries, along with an MD-11 created by Alain Capt.
These aircraft models and panels are available from the Delta Virtual Airlines Fleet
Library, as well as the popular flight simulation web sites http://www.flightsim.com and
http://www.avsim.com/.
McDonnell-Douglas MD-11 Operating Manual
Page 8
FUEL LOADING
Delta Virtual Airlines’ MD-11 has five fuel tanks, left aux, left, center, right, and right
aux. Both the left and right aux tanks have a capacity of 49,574 lbs of fuel. Both left and
right tanks have a capacity of 40,853 Lbs. The center tank holds 77,041 Lbs, for a total
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