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condensation of water.
Precautions: The performance specifications indicated are
generally for analyser full scale. Errors at part scale may be
a significantly greater percentage of reading. The relevance
and importance of such increases shall be considered when
preparing to make measurements. If better performance is
necessary, then appropriate precautions s h d be taken.
2. The instrument to be used shall be complete with all 3. The principal performance specification, determined
necessary flow control components, such as regulators, for the instrument operated in an ambient temperature stable
valves, flowmeters, etc. Materials in contact with the sample to within 2"C, shall be as follows:
gas shall be restricted to those which are resistant to attack by
oxides of nitrogen, such as stainless steel, glass, etc. The a) Total range: 0 to 2 500 ppm in appropriate ranges.
Appendix 5 Annex I6 - Xnvironmenkzl Protection
b) Resolution: better than 0.5 per cent of full scale of
range used or 1 pprn, whichever is greater.
c) Repeatabilily: better than 11 per cent of full scale of
range used, or k1 ppm, whichever is greater.
d) Stability: better than +2 per cent of full scale of range
used or 21 ppm, whichever is greater, in a period of
1 hour.
e) Zero drift: less than 4 per cent of full scale of range
used or &1 ppm, whichever is greater, in a period of
1 hour.
f) Noise: 0.5 Hz and greater, less than k1.0 per cent of
full scale of range used or k1 ppm, whichever is
greater, in a period of 2 hours.
g) Inierference: suppression for samples containing CO,
and water vapour, shall be limited as follows:
- less than 0.05 per cent reading/per cent CO,
concentration;
- less than 0.1 per cent reading/per cent water
vapour concentration.
If the interference lirnitation(s) for CO, and/or water vapour
cannot be met, appropriate correction factors shall be
determined, reported and applied.
Note.- It is recommended as consistent with good
practice that such correction procedures be adopted in all
cases.
h) Response time: shall not exceed 10 seconds from inlet
of the sample to the analysis system to the
achievement of 90 per cent of the final reading.
i) Linearity: better than rt2 per cent of Full scale of
range used or *2 pprn, whichever is greater.
j) Convener: this shall be designed and operated in such
a matter as to reduce NO, present in the sample to
NO. The converter shall not affect the NO originally
in the sample.
The converter efficiency shall not be less than 90 per cent.
This efficiency value shall be used to correct the measured
sample NO, value (i.e. [NO,], - FO]) to that which would
have been obtained if the efficiency had not been 100 per
cent.
ATTACHMENT D TO APPENDIX 5. CALIBRATION AND TEST GASES
N o t e . The following table lists the gases which will Carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide calibration gases
cover the range of setting and calibration procedures, may be blended singly or as dual component mixtures. Three
described elsewhere. component mixtures of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and
Analyser Gas Accuracy* propane in zero air may be used, provided the stability of the
mixture is assured.
HC propane in 10 *1 per kl per cent
cent 0, balance N,
HC propane in 21 *I per ~1 per cent
cent 0, balance N,
HC propylene in zero air *I per cent
HC toluene in zero air +1 per cent
HC n-hexane in zero air rl per cent
HC propane in zero air d per cent or *.05 ppm**
CO CO in air r+.2 per cent or *2 ppm**
COZ CO, in air *2 per cent or 2100 ppm**
NO, NO in N, k2 per cent or *I ppm**
* Taken over the 95 per cent confidence interval.
** Whichever is greater.
Zero gas as specified for the CO, CO, and HC analysers
shall be zero air (which includes "artificial" air with 20 to 22
per cent 0, blended with N,). For the NO, analyser zero
nitrogen shall be used as the zero gas. Impurities in both
kinds of zero gas shall be restricted to be less than the
following concentrations:
1 ppm C
1 ppm CO
100 ppm CO,
1 PPm NO,
The applicant shall ensure that commercial gases supplied
to him do in fact meet this specification, or are so specified
by the vendor.
Annex 16 - Environmental Protection Volume II
ATTACHMENT E TO APPENDIX 5. THE CALCULATION OF THE EMISSIONS
PARAMETERS - BASIS, MEASUREMENT CORRECTIONS AND
ALTERNATIVE NUMERICAL METHOD
1. SYMBOLS pg number of moles of NO in the exhaust sample
per mole of fuel
AFR airlfuel ratio; the ratio of the mass flow rate of
dry air to that of the fuel pr PI + P2 + P3 + F'., e P5 + P6 + P7 + P8
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