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(Pn /P,,J . EI(HC) v. T, curve
EI(N0,) corrected = EI derived from
EI(N0,) (P,,, IP,)OS exp (19 1 h - 0.006 29 1 ) v. T, curve
If this recommended method for the CO and HC ernissions
index correction does not provide a satisfactory
correlation, an alternative method using parameters derived
from component tests may be used.
Any other methods used for making corrections to CO,
HC and NO, emission indices shall have the approval of the
certificating authority.
When the engine being tested is not a "reference" engine,
the data may be corrected to "reference" engine conditions
using the relationships b) and c) obtained from a reference
engine. A reference engine is defined as an engine substantially
configured to the description of the engine to be
certificated and accepted by the certificating authority to be
representative of the engine type for which certification is
sought.
The manufacturer shall also supply to the certificating
authority all of the necessary engine performance data to substantiate
these relationships and for ISA sea level ambient
conditions:
d) maximum rated thrust (F,,); and
e) engine pressure ratio (x) at maximum rated thrust.
Note.- These are illustrated by Figure 3-2 d).
7.2 Control parameter functions 7.2.3 The estimation of EL for each pollutant at each of
(Dp, F,,, R)
the required engine mode settings, corrected to the reference
ambient conditions, shall comply with the following general
procedure:
7.2.1 Definitions
a) at each mode ISA thrust condition F,, determine the
D, The mass of any gaseous pollutant emitted during equivalent combustor inlet temperature (T,) (Figure
the reference emissions landing and take-off cycle. 3-2 c));
Appendix 3 Annex 16 - Environmental Protection
El wf A
(Wfn) . =
(El,) <
rL .
16
r
( T)
1
7s
I
I I
.i- I
I
I I
I I
, - - - + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A
I
I
F A
I
\
(TI TB
El = EMISSION INDEX
T,g = COMBUSTOR INLET TEMPERATURE
Wf = ENGINE FUEL MASS FLOW RATE
F = ENGINE THRUST
7f = ENGINE PRESSURE RATIO
+
Figure 3-2. Calculation procedure
25
Annex I6 - Environnrental Protection
b) from the EI/T, characteristic (Figure 3-2 a)),
determine the EI, value corresponding to T,;
C) from the Wf /TB characteristic (Figure 3-2 b)),
determine the Wfn value corresponding to TB;
d) note the ISA maximum rated thrust and pressure ratio
values. These are F,, and R respectively (Figure
3-2 d));
e) calculate, for each pollutant Dp = T. (EIJ (Wfn) ( 2 )
where:
t b m in LTO mode (minutes)
Wfn fuel mass flow rate (kglrnin)
Z is the summation for the set of modes comprising
the reference LTO cycle.
Volume II
7.2.4 While the methodology described above is the
recommended method, the certificating authority may accept
equivalent mathematical procedures which utilize
mathematical expressions representing the curves illustrated
if the expression have been derived using an ac~eptedc urve
fitting technique.
7.3 Exceptions to the
proposed procedures
In those cases where the configuration of the engine or other
extenuating conditions exist which would prohibit the use of
this procedure, the certificating authority, after receiving
satisfactory technical evidence of equivalent results obtained
by an alternative procedure, may approve an alternative
procedure.
ATTACHMENT A TO APPENDIX 3. SPECIFICATION
FOR HC ANALYSER
Note.- As outlined in 5.2 of Appendix 3, the measuring g) Response time: shall not exceed 10 seconds fiom inlet
element in this analyser is rheJzame ionization detector (FID) of the sample to the analysis system, to !he
in which the whole or a representative portion of the sample achievement of 90 per cent of the firdl reading.
jow is admitted into a hydrogen-fuelledfram. With suitably
positioned electrodes an ionization current can be established h) Linearity: response with propane in air shall be linear
which is ajunction of the mass rate of hydrocarbon entering for each range within +2 per cent of full scale,
thejame. It is this current which, referred to an appropriate otherwise calibration corrections shall be used.
zero, is ampli@d and ranged to pravide the output response
as a measure of the hydrocarbon concentration expressed as
ppmC equivalent. 2. SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS
1. GENERAL
Precautions: The performance specifications indicated are
generally for analyser full scale. Errors at part scale may be
a significantly greater percentage of reading. The relevance
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