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to be included in VOLMET broadcasts
5.1.1 Recommendation.- The aerodromes for which
METAR, SPECZ and TAF are to be included in VOLMET
broadcasts, the sequence in which they are to be transmitted
and the broadcast time should be determined by regional air
navigation agreement.
5.1.2 Recommendation.- The flight information
regions for which SIGMET messages are to be included in
scheduled VOLMET broadcasts should be determined by
regional air navigation agreement. Where this is done, the
SZGMET message or an indication of "NIL SZGMET" should
be transmitted at the beginning of the broadcast or of a
five-minute time block.
5.2 Criteria related to information to be included in
VOLMET broadcasts
5.2.1 Recommendation.- When a report has not
arrivedjkm an aerodrome in time for a broadcast, the latest
available report should be included in the broadcast, together
with the time of observation.
5.2.2 Recommendation.- TAF included in scheduled
VOLMET broadcasts should have a period of validity of
9 hours; they should be issued evev 3 hours and should,
between these routine issues, be amended as necessav to
ensure that a forecast, when transmitted, reflects the latest
opinion of the meteorological ofice concerned.
5.3 Format of information to be included in
VOLMET broadcasts
5.3.1 The content and format of reports, forecasts and
SIGMET information included in VOLMET broadcasts shall
be consistent with the provisions of Chapters 4, 6 and 7 of this
Annex.
5.3.2 Recommendation.- VOLMET broadcasts should
use standard radiotelephony phraseologies.
Note.- Guidance on the standard radiotelephony
phraseologies to be used in VOLMET broadcasts is given in
the Manual on Coordination between Air Traffic Services,
Aeronautical Information Services and Aeronautical
Meteorological Services (Doc 9377), Appendix A.
APP 10-3
ATTACHMENT A. OPERATIONALLY DESIRABLE
AND CURRENTLY ATTAINABLE
ACCURACY OF MEASUREMENT OR OBSERVATION
Note.- The guidance contained in this table relates to Chapter 4 -
Meteorological observations and reports, in particular to 4.1.9.
Operationally deszrable accuracy Attainable accuracy ** of measurement or
Element to be observed of measurement or observation* observation (1 994)
Mean surface wind Direction: f 10' Direction: f 5'
Speed: f 2 kmh (1 kt) up to 19 km/h (10 kt) Speed: f 2 km/h (I kt) up to 37 kmh (20 kt)
f 10% abovc 19 km/h (10 kt) + 5% above 37 kmh (20 kt)
Variations from the + 4 kmfh (2 kt), in terms of longitudinal as above
mean surface wind and lateral components
Visibility f 50mupto600m . f50mupto500m
f 10% between 600 m and 1 500 m f 10% between 500 m and 2 000 m
f 20% above 1 500 m f 20% above 2 000 m up to I0 km
Runway visual range f 10mupto400m k25mupto 150m
f 25 m between 400 m and 800 m + 50 m between 150 m and 500 m
f 10% above 800 m f 10% above 500 m up to 2 000 m
Cloud amount
Cloud height
f l okta In daylight an observer can attain an accuracy of
f 1 okta at the point of observation. In darkness,
and when atmospheric phenomena limit the
viewing of low cloud, there will be difficulty in
attaining that accuracy.
+ I0 m (33 fl) up to I00 m (330 ft) f 10 m (33 ft) up to 1 000 m (3 300 ft)
k 10% above I00 m (330 ft) f 30 m (100 fl) above 1 000 m (3 300 ft) up to
3 000 m (1 0 000 ft)
Air temperature and dew- f 1°C
point temperature
Pressure value (QNH, QFE) f 0.5 hPa f 0.3 hPa
* The operationally desirable accuracy is not intended as an operational requirement; it is to be understood as a goal that has been expressed by
the operators.
** The accuracy stated refers to assessment by instruments (except for cloud amount); it is not normally attainable in observations made without
the aid of instruments.
ANNEX 3 ATT A-1
ATTACHMENT B. OPERATIONALLY DESIRABLE
ACCURACY OF FORECASTS
Note I.- The guidance contained in this table relates to the percentage of cases indicated in the third column, the eflect
Chapter 6 -Forecasts. in particular to 6.1.1. of forecast errors is not considered serious in comparison with
the effects of navigational errors and of other operational
Note 2.- Ifthe accuracy of the forecasts remains within the uncertainties.
operationally desirable range shown in the second column, for
Element to Operationally desirable Minimum percentage of
be forecast accuracy of forecasts cases within range
Wind direction .
Wind speed
Visibility
Precipitation
Cloud amount
Cloud height
Air temperature
Wind direction
Wind speed
Visibility
Precipitation
Cloud amount
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