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a volcanic eruption or volcanic ash cloud shall be recorded on
the special air-report of volcanic activity form. A copy of the
form shall be included with the flight documentation provided
to flights operating on routes which, in the opinion of the
meteorological authority concerned, could be affected by
volcanic ash clouds.
CHAPTER 6. FORECASTS
Note.- Technical specificaiions and deiailed criieria e) date and period of validity of forecast;
related to this chapter are given in Appendix 5.
f ) identification of a cancelled forecast, when applicable;
6.1 Interpretation and use
of forecasts
6.1.1 Owing to the variability of meteorological elements
in space and time, to limitations of forecasting techniques and
to limitations caused by the definitions of some of the elements,
the specific value of any of the elements given in a
forecast shall be understood by the recipient to be the most
probable value which the element is likely to assume during
the period of the forecast. Similarly, when the time of occurrence
or change of an element is given in a forecast, this time
shall be understood to be the most probable time.
Note.- Guidance on the operationally desirable accuracy
of forecasts is given in Attachment B.
6.1.2 The issue of a new forecast by a meteorological
office, such as a routine aerodrome forecast, shall be understood
to cancel automatically any forecast of the same type
previously issued for the same place and for the same period
of validity or part thereof.
6.2 Aerodrome forecasts
g) surface wind;
h) visibility;
i) weather;
j) cloud; and
k) expected significant changes to one or more of these
elements during the period of validity.
Optional elements shall be included in TAF in accordance with
regional air navigation agreement.
Note.- The visibility included in.TAF refers to the forecast
prevailing visibility.
6.2.4 Meteorological ofices preparing TAF shall keep the
forecasts under continuous review and, when necessary, shall
issue amendments promptly. The length of the forecast messages
and the number of changes indicated in the forecast shall
be kept to a minimum.
6.2.5 TAF that cannot be kept under continuous review
shall be cancelled.
6.2.1 An aerodrome forecast shall be prepared by the
meteorological office designated by the meteorological 6.2.6 Recommendation.- The period of validity of a
authority concemed. routine TAF should be not less than 9 hours nor more than
24 hours; this period should be determined by regional air
navigation agreement. Routine TAF valid for less than
6.2.2 An aerodrome forecast 'ha1' be issued at a 'pecified 12 hours should be issued every 3 hours and those valid for 12
time and consist of a concise statement of the expected to 24 hours should be &sued 6 hours.
meteorological conditions at an aerodrome for a specified
period.
6.2.3 Aerodrome forecasts and amendments thereto shall 6.3 Landing forecast's
be issued as TAF and include the following information in the
order indicated: 6.3.1 A landing forecast shall be prepared by the meteorological
office designated by the meteorological authority
a) identification of the type of forecast; concerned; such forecasts are intended to meet requirements of
local users and of aircraft within about one hour's flying time
b) location indicator; from the aerodrome.
c) time of issue of forecast; 6.3.2 Landing forecasts shall be prepared in the form of a
trend forecast, as determined by regional air navigation
d) identification of a missing forecast, when applicable; agreement.
ANNEX 3 6-1 25/11/04
Annex 3 - Meteorological Service for International Air Navigation Chapter 6
6.3.3 A trend forecast shall consist of a concise statement
of the expected significant changes in the meteorological conditions
at that aerodrome to be appended to a local routine or
local special report, or a METAR or SPECI. The period of
validity of a trend forecast shall be 2 hours from the time of
the report which forms part of the landing forecast.
6.4 Forecasts for take-off
6.4.1 A forecast for take-off shall be prepared by the
meteorological office designated by the meteorological
authority concerned.
6.4.2 Recommendation.- A forecast for take-off should
refer to a specified period of time and should contain
information on expected conditions over the runway complex
in regard to surface wind direction and speed and any variations
thereof; temperature, pressure (QNH), and any other
elements as agreed locally.
6.4.3 Recommendation.- A forecast for take-off should
be supplied to operators and flight crew members on request
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