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METAR and SPEC1 should contain supplementary information 4.6.3.1 Runway visual range as defined in Chapter 1 shall
to be placed afier element k). be assessed on all runways intended for Category I1 and 111
instrument approach and landing operations.
4.5.3 Optional elements included under supplementary
information shall be included in METAR and SPECI in 4.6.3.2 Recommendation.- Runway visual range as
accordance with regional air navigation agreement. defined in Chapter I should be assessed on all runways
iniended for k e during periods of reduced visibility,
including:
4.6 Observing and reporting
meteorological elements
4.6.1 Surface wind
a) precision approach runways intended for Category I
instrument approach and landing operations; and
b) runways used for take-off and having high-intensity
edge lights andor centre line lights.
4.6.1.1 The mean direction and the mean speed of the Note.- Precision approach runways are defined in
surface wind shall be measured, as well as significant vari- Annex 14, Volume I, Chapter I, under uInshrment runwaylp.
ations of the wind direction and speed, and reported in degrees
true and kilometres per hour (or knots), respectively. 4.6.3.3 The runway visual range, assessed in accordance
4.6.1.2 Recommendation.- When local routine and with 4.6.3.1 and 4.6.3.2, shall be reported in metres throughout
special reports are used for departing aircrafi, the surface periods when either the visibility or the runway visual range is
wind observations for these reports should be representative of less than 1 500 m.
conditions along the runway; when local routine and special
reports are used for arriving aircrafi, the surface wind obser- 4.6.3.4 ~ u n w av~isu al range assessments shall be
vations for these reports should be representative of the representative of
touchdown zone.
a) the touchdown zone of the runway intended for non-
4.6.1.3 Recommendation, For METAR and SPECZ, precision or Category I instrument approach and landing
the surface wind observations should be representative of operations;
conditions above the whole runway where there is only one
runway and the whole runway complex where there is more b) the touchdown zone and the mid-point of the runway
than one runway. intended for Category I1 instrument approach and
landing operations; and
4.6.2 Visibility
4.6.2.1 The visibility as defined in Chapter 1 shall be
measured or observed, and reported in metres or kilometres.
Note.- Guidance on the conversion of instrument readings
into visibility is given in Attachment E.
4.6.2.2 Recommendation, When local routine and
special reports are used for departing aircrafi, the visibility
observations for these reports should be representative of
conditions along the runway; when local routine and special
reports are used for arriving aircrafi, the visibility observations
for these reports should be representative of the
touchdown zone of the runway.
c) the touchdown zone, the mid-point and stop-end of the
runway intended for Category I11 instrument approach
and landing operations.
4.6.3.5 The units providing air traffic service and
aeronautical information service for an aerodrome shall be
kept informed without delay of changes in the serviceability
status of the automated equipment used for assessing runway
visual range.
4.6.4 Present weather
4.6.4.1 The present weather occurring at the aerodrome
andlor its vicinity shall be observed and reported as necessary.
4.6.2.3 Recommendation.- For METAR and SPECI, 4.6.4.2 Recommendation, For local routine and
the visibility observations should be representative of the special reports, the present weather information should be
aerodrome. representative of conditions at the aerodrome.
Annex 3 - Meteorological Service for International Air Navigation Chapter 4
4.6.4.3 Recommendation.- For METAR and SPECI.
the present weather information should be representative of
conditions at the aerodrome and, for certain specifed present
weather phenomena, in its vicinity.
4.6.4.4 Recommendation.- Where observations are
made using automatic observing systems, provision should be
made for manual insertion of those present weather elements
which cannot be determined adequately by that equipment.
4.6.5 Clouds
4.6.5.1 Cloud amount, cloud type and height of cloud
base shall be observed, and reported as necessary to describe
the clouds of operational significance. When the sky is
obscured, vertical visibility shall be observed and reported,
where measured, in lieu of cloud amount, cloud type and
height of cloud base. The height of cloud base and vertical
visibility shall be reported in metres (or feet).
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