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banks and the centres designated by regional air navigation
agreement for the operation of aeronautical fured service satellite
distribution systems, in accordance with regional air
navigation agreement.
3. SPECIFICATIONS RELATED
TO SPECIAL AIR-REPORTS
Note.- This appendix deals with the uplink of special airreports.
The general speczfzcations related to special airreports
are in Appendix 4.
3.1 Recommendation.- Special air-reports should be
uplinked for 60 minutes afier their issuance.
3.2 Recommendation.- Information on wind and
temperature included in automated special air-reports should
not be uplinked to other aircraft in flight.
4. DETAILED CRITERIA RELATED TO
SIGMET AND AIRMET MESSAGES
AND SPECIAL AIR-REPORTS (UPLINK)
4.1 Identification of the flight information region
Recommendation.- In cases where the airspace is
divided into a flight information region (FIR) and an upper
flight information region (UIR), the SIGMET should be identzfzed
by the location indicator of the air traffic services unit
serving the FIR. .
Note.- The SIGMET message applies to the whole
airspace within the lateral limits of the FIR, i.e. to the FIR and
to the UIR. The particular areas andor flight levels affected
by the meteorological phenomena causing the issuance of the
SIGMET are given in the text of the message.
4.2 Criteria related to phenomena included
in SIGMET and AIRMET messages
and special air-reports (nplink)
4.2.1 Recommendation.- An area of thunderstorms and
cumulonimbus cloucis should be considered:
a) obscured (OBSC) if it is obscured by haze or smoke or
cannot be readily seen due to darkness;
b) embedded (EMBD) if it is embedded within cloud layers
and cannot be readily recognized;
c) isolated (ISOL) ifit consists of individual features which
affect, or are forecast to affect, an area with a maximum
spatial coverage less than 50 per cent of the area
concerned (at a faed time or during the period of
validity); and
d) occasional (OCNL) if it consists of well-separated
features which affect, or are forecast to affect, an area
with a maximum spatial coverage between 50 and
75per cent of the area concerned (at a fuced time or
during the period of validity).
4.2.2 Recommendation.- An area of thunderstorms
should be consideredfiequent (FRQ) ifwithin that area there
is little or no separation between a4acent thunderstorms with
a maximum spatial coverage greater than 75 per cent of the
area affected, or forecast to be affected, by the phenomenon
(at a fuced time or during the period of validity).
4.2.3 Recommendation.- Squall line (SQL) should
indicate a thunderstorm along a line with little or no space
between individual clouds.
4.2.4 Recommendation.- Hail (GR) should be used as
a further description of the thunderstorm, as necessary.
4.2.5 Reconimendation.- Severe and moderate
turbulence (TURB) should refer only to: low-level turbulence
associated with strong suflace wincis; rotor streaming; or turbulence
whether in cloud or not in cloud (CAT). Turbulence
should not be used in connection with convective clouds.
APP 6-3 25/11/04
Annex 3 - Meteorological Service for International Air Navigation Appendix 6
4.2.6 Turbulence shall be considered:
a) severe whenever the turbulence index is between 15 and
27 (i.e. the peak value of the eddy dissipation rate
. . (EDR) exceeds 0.5); and
b) moderate whenever the turbulence index is between 6
and 14 (i.e. the peak value of the eddy dissipation rate
(EDR) exceeds 0.3 while not exceeding 0.5).
4.2.7 Recommendation.- Severe and moderate icing
(ICE) should refer to icing in other than convective clouris.
Freezing rain (FZRA) should refer to severe icing conditions
caused by freezing rain.
4.2.8 Recommendation.- A mountain wave (MTW)
should be considered:
a) severe whenever an accompanying downdraft of 3.0 m/s
(600 ft/min) or more andor severe turbulence is
observed or forecast; and
b) moderate whenever an accompanying downdraft of
1.75-3.0 m/s (350-600 ft/min) andor moderate turbulence
is observed or forecast.
- rising sand or dust
- strong suflace wind and gusts
- squall
-frost
- volcanic ash
- other phenomena as agreed locally.
5.1.3 Recommendation.- The use of text additional to
the abbreviations listedin the template in Table A6-2 should
be kept to a minimum. The additional text should be prepared
in abbreviated plain language using approved ICAO
abbreviations and numerical values. Y no ICAO approved
abbreviations are available, English plain language text
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