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will only be pulled down as far as it
takes for the load to reach the
ground, so just try and give it a
gentle arrival. If you are delivering
the load by yourself, land behind it,
as far back as possible so you don’t
get the sling under the skid, and to
provide a little tension for the hook
to work.
There is a phenomenon called
Collective Bounce that occurs when a
sudden vertical force is placed on the
helicopter, making you think the
load has reached the ground.
Although really relevant to larger
machines, it can occur on smaller
ones as well, and arises when the
resonance of the blades matches that
of a vibrating rope. The collective
374 Canadian Professional Pilot Studies
movements to correct this get out of
phase, due to the response lag, and
the answer is simply to stop moving
the collective or go into
autorotation, as the machine will
self-destruct about the fifth bounce.
A little extra friction will help.
If a load starts spinning in flight, and
continues in the hover (or your
downwash sets it going), gently put it
on the ground and pick it up again.
If you have to hold a load while it is
being secured to something else, take
particular care to ensure that ground
crews don’t get into positions that
could be dangerous if you have to
release it. It is particularly important
to be conservative with the allowable
side winds.
Remote Operations
Because of the difficulties of
communication in remote areas,
Ops, or someone responsible, must
know where you are. If you have to
make a forced landing, you must
ensure that the Company is notified
together with the appropriate ATC,
so that overdue action is not set in
motion unnecessarily. In the Sparsely
Settled Area of Canada you must be
able to communicate with a ground
station from any point along your
route, which means using SSB HF
(5680 KHz), unless within 25 nm of
your base or an airport.
When leaving passengers in an
isolated position, make sure of a
couple of things. Firstly, everyone
understands the time (and date) of
pickup, the location and the method
of backup transportation. Also, keep
a record of the names, all relevant
grid references, etc. Learn how to
use the "man overboard" facility on
your GPS, so you can go back
immediately to your last position.
Keep in mind the recovery problems
should the engines fail to start after a
shutdown; always position as close
as possible to a track or road to save
trouble later (engineers like being
near a pub as well, if you can manage
it). The track or road will also help as
a line feature to make your way back
with if you wander off and get lost.
Don’t let your fuel get too low – it’s
usually delivered to accurate GPS
co-ordinates, which may be on top
of a frozen lake so the drums will
sink in Spring and not be there when
you want them. Either that or Ops
may have written them down
wrongly. My point is that the added
stress of looking for fuel that isn’t
there when you’re short anyway is
not what you need.
Assuming passengers don’t carry too
much baggage, you should be able to
carry a few home comforts, such as a
tent, a stove that runs on aircraft
fuel, high-calorie food and a sleeping
bag rated for the temperatures you
expect to meet. Keep it out of the
aircraft when refuelling, so you don’t
get left with nothing if it catches fire.
If you're forced down, the first task
(if necessary) is to assist survivors
and apply First Aid, after turning on
the ELT, and the second to provide
shelter (once the ELT is on, leave it
on, as that will make best use of the
batteries). The absence of food and
water should not become a problem
for some time if everyone's had their
breakfast – even in the Arctic, in
Summer, there's plenty of water
around, but you would still be wise
to boil it first, for at least 5 minutes,
as cold does not kill germs. Try not
Flight Operations 375
to eat or drink at all for the first few
hours, and divide whatever you have
into equal parts. When you do eat,
go slowly and eat small amounts of
food. It’s generally best to avoid
mushrooms, as well.
Consider using the aircraft for
shelter if it hasn't burned away.
Don't wander too far away from it,
and ensure that everyone stays
within sight of each other at all
times. Use remaining fuel for light
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