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install it in the shuttle of the machine [Figure 6-75].
Figure 6-74. Bobbin case.
Cycle the needle down and pick up the bobbin thread. A
correctly threaded and timed machine will pick up the
bobbin thread on the first cycle.
INSTALLING THE NEEDLE AND THREADING
THE MACHINE
All single needle type machines have the needle positioned
in the needle bar with the long thread groove
facing to the left. Make sure that the needle is installed
all the way up to the stop in the needle groove of the
needle bar. Check that the long thread groove faces left
[Figure 6-76] and that the needle clamp screw is tight.
Figure 6-76. Needle with left orientation.
Figure 6-75. Shuttle of the machine.
6-19
6-20
Take a cone of thread and place it on the thread stand.
Route the thread upward through the guide at the top of
the stand and then to the pre-tension thread guide on top
of the arm of the machine. Thread the machine according
to figure 6-77. Most modern machines use a similar
method of threading. However, there may be additional
thread guides of different shapes to route the thread
through. This is why the rigger should have a copy of the
operator’s manual for proper threading of each machine.
Once the machine is threaded correctly, take a sample of
material suitable for the type of machine, thread, and needle.
Form several layers and place it under the presser
foot. Lower the presser foot while holding the upper and
lower threads securely to the rear of the presser foot. Turn
the balance wheel again and run a few stitches by hand to
see if the machine sews properly. If everything works as
expected, turn the power on and begin sewing. If you are
unfamiliar with this particular machine, begin slowly
until you get the feel of the clutch and speed of the
machine.
If the machine does not sew correctly, consult the troubleshooting
guide [Figure 6-78] to determine what the
problem is and how to remedy it.
MACHINE MAINTENANCE
The most important part of maintaining your sewing
machines is to keep them clean and lubricated. Each
machine should be wiped down daily with a clean rag to
remove oil and dirt. The amount of use each machine gets
will dictate the cleaning required. However, on at least a
weekly schedule the moving parts should be cleaned with
a small brush to remove dust, lint, dirt, and threads. An air
hose or bottle is useful in blowing dirt out of places the
brush cannot reach. Be careful when doing this as small
particles can be propelled through the air and can strike
the eyes. At the very least, the dirt can be blown onto other
machines and work.
After cleaning, each machine should be lubricated to
ensure smooth operation. For those machines which are
self-lubricating, check the level and condition of the oil in
the reservoir. For these machines, a #1 white oil, with a
higher viscosity should be used. Depending on the
amount of use, the oil should be changed every 6 months
to a year. In no case should the oil be changed less than
once a year. For machines that require manual lubrication,
a #2 white oil should be used as it has a lower
viscosity to better adhere to the moving parts. This
should be done daily at the end of the workday. Oiling
the machine at this time allows the oil to seep downward
through the mechanisms and collect on the bottom. In the
morning before use, take a clean rag and wipe off the
excess oil so it does not stain the parachute materials. Pay
particular attention to the shuttle race. Keeping this well
lubricated will ensure smooth operation and a quieter
machine. One item that tends to get overlooked is the bobbin
winder. The shaft of the winder has a small hole in the
top and a drop of oil should be added at least once a week
to keep it free.
SEWING MACHINE ATTACHMENTS
The most common attachment that the rigger will use is a
tape folder or “binder.” This attachment folds tape, typically
3/4" Ty-3, used for binding the edges of container,
bags, or any material needing an edge binder. Used in
conjunction with a double needle machine, it folds the tape
in half for a professional appearance and greatly speeds up
the work. [Figure 6-79] There are two types of folders. One
is a straight folder where the tape is fed straight into the
machine under the presser foot. [Figure 6-80] This folder
is used for most straight binding, has minimal adjustments,
and is the least expensive usually costing around $35. The
second type of folder is a right angle folder. [Figure 6-81
on page 6-22] The best models of these are custom built
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Parachute Rigger Handbook(65)
