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[Figure 2-51] It is desirable to locate the ring as close to
the lower end as possible so that the pivot arc of the riser
does not load the lanyard. This allows the riser end of the
lanyard end to be as short as possible. If there is excess
lanyard, it is difficult to stow and it is possible for the lanyard
to become snagged and unseated. It is important that
the correct risers with attachment ring be installed. While
many risers have a ring installation, not all are installed at
the correct location. Consequently, the lanyard length
will not match the factory dimensions. This can result in
premature reserve activation when the main is deployed.
Most RSL lanyard designs have a snap shackle or similar
release device mounted at the riser end of the lanyard.
[Figure 2-52] This allows the user to disconnect the lanyard
under certain circumstances. The most common one
involves landing in high winds where the parachutist may
Figure 2-49. LOR system.
Figure 2-50. SkyhookTM system.
Figure 2-51. Main riser RSL ring attachment.
Figure 2-52. Snap shackle on RSL lanyard.
2-19
wish to cutaway the main canopy to prevent being
dragged. If the lanyard were not released, the reserve
would be deployed as the main is cutaway.
RIPCORD CABLE ROUTING
The routing of the ripcord cable from the handle to the
pin determines where the lanyard connects to the cable.
Most RSL attachments connect with the ripcord cable
either at the yoke area or just above the ripcord pin.
Generally, there is a double ring installation where the
cable end of the lanyard is located. [Figure 2-53] On this
particular installation, the connection is at the shoulder
yoke area.
RSL LANYARD AND CONTAINER MOUNT
These two components are interactive. That is, the design
of the container directly affects the design of the lanyard.
Once the two above locations are determined, then the
routing of the lanyard can be completed. It was originally
thought that the lanyard should have a long length to
allow acceleration during activation to pull the ripcord
cable. This has not proven to be true and most manufacturers
keep their lanyards as short as possible to prevent
snagging and easier stowing.
In the past, a Velcro® pathway was used for routing the
lanyard. This was either on the shoulder yoke or the
reserve riser. Experience has shown that the use of
Velcro® generally results in high wear and eventual damage
to the webbing. [Figure 2-54] On this design, the lanyard
is stiffened with a short piece of coated cable and
stowed in two pockets located on the yoke area. [Figure
2-55] It is secure and has no wear points. The ripcord end
of the lanyard is routed to the dual guide ring attachment
location and the ripcord cable routed through the rings.
[Figure 2-56] The ripcord cable is then routed to the
reserve closing loop.
Figure 2-57 shows the RSL lanyard and ripcord cable at
the moment of riser extension and just as the cable is
Figure 2-53. Double ring container installation.
Figure 2-54. RSL Velcro® riser damage.
Figure 2-55. RSL lanyard without Velcro®.
Figure 2-56. Ripcord cable routing thru rings.
Figure 2-57. RSL lanyard extension.
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loaded. A point that the rigger should be aware of is the
“pigtail” configuration of the reserve ripcord that results
from the use of the RSL. [Figure 2-58] Because of the
sliding of the ring along the ripcord cable, a curling effect
is imparted to the cable. This is a clear indication that the
RSL lanyard activated the reserve. The rigger should
carefully inspect the ripcord cable for any broken strands.
If any are found, the ripcord should be replaced. If not,
the cable can be straightened and returned to service.
With the single side RSL, it is imperative that the main
riser with the RSL attachment leave after the opposite
riser. If the opposite riser stays connected while the
RSL deploys the reserve, there is the possibility of a
main/reserve entanglement. To ensure the correct staging
of the cutaway, the release cable of the RSL side must be
longer than the cable on the opposite riser. A minimum of
1" is the standard differential. [Figure 2-59]
JOINT EFFICIENCY
Joint efficiency is the percentage of the measurement of
strength when applied to the junction or fabrication of two
or more materials. An example is the cross seam in a
canopy gore where two panels of fabric are joined. The
strength of the seam needs to be greater than the strength
of the fabric. To achieve this, there are several factors that
need to be considered in the design. These include the following:
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Parachute Rigger Handbook(25)
