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which ensures that the inspection process is
followed and nothing gets overlooked. This rarely happens,
however, due to normal interruptions such as phone
calls or customer questions. Using the inspection checklist
ensures that after an interruption, the rigger is able to
Figure 5-4. Round canopy pilot emergency parachute
assembly.
5-4
continue at the proper spot without missing anything.
This checklist is divided into seven sections that make it
usable for all types of parachute assemblies. It includes
an area for counting the tools at the beginning and end of
the inspection and packing procedure. This ensures that
no tools are overlooked or left in the parachute. While this
may sound implausible to some, it has happened over the
years, sometimes with fatal consequences.
ROUND CANOPIES AND PILOT
EMERGENCY SYSTEMS
The first thing the rigger should check is the continuity of
the canopy to make sure it is straight. Do so by laying the
system on the table as if the wearer were lying face down,
head toward the canopy. (On some models, such as military
seat parachutes, it may be face down with the feet
towards the canopy.) Make sure to follow the manufacturer’s
instructions. Ensure that the canopy is right side
out (i.e., the data panel faces out) and the gore numbers
are readable on the outside. Attach the required tension
devices and apply light tension. Standing at the canopy,
split the riser line groups and grasp the two gores that separate
them. The top panel should have line number 1 and
the last line of the sequence depending on the number of
lines on the canopy. Starting with number 1, the lines will
run in sequence counterclockwise around the canopy.
Figure 5-5. Inspection form.
5-5
(See figure 5-6 for typical line sequences.) The four lines
attached to these two gores comprise the standard “fourline
check” for a round canopy. By running these four
lines from the canopy to the connector links, the rigger
can make a quick check of straightness. If the rigger was
the last person to pack the parachute, he/she may feel this
is sufficient to ensure continuity. However, most riggers
do a full check of all the lines, even on their own pack
jobs.
STRAIGHTENING THE CANOPY
If a rigger finds lines out of sequence or the canopy is
inside out, it becomes necessary to remove any twists,
tangles, or turns. There are two things to remember when
encountering this situation. First, if the parachute was
originally straight and the entanglement occurred from
handling, it is possible to untangle the parachute without
disconnecting anything. Second, if the parachute was
assembled incorrectly in the first place, it will be virtually
impossible to straighten it without disassembling it.
These two scenarios become particularly acute when the
rigger is brought a parachute for repacking and it was
assembled incorrectly. At first the rigger assumes it to be
correct, but when a correct continuity cannot be done, it
becomes very frustrating, and the rigger may spend an
excessive amount of time trying to straighten the canopy.
The rigger should always start at the top or apex end of
the canopy. Make sure that the top gore with the data
panel is facing up. Follow the gore to the apex so that the
upper lateral band is on the outside. Attach the apex to the
upper tension device. Next, flake the gores in sequence to
see if the canopy is straight. Split the canopy so the left
and right line groups are separate at the skirt of the
canopy. [Figure 5-7] Pick up the two center gores and
grasp the four lines. [Figure 5-8] These will be line
number 1 and the last line of the sequence. Run these
lines down toward the risers and/or container. On most
canopies, these lines will run to the inside, top connector
link of a four-link system or to the inside of a two-link
system. [Figure 5-9] If these lines are correct, continue
the checking of the line continuity.
If the lines are not straight, release the risers from the harness,
if possible. If not, take one of the two top lines and
untangle it until the line runs straight back to the canopy
without going around any of the other lines. Untangle the
risers and harness/container until the rest of the lines are
straight. Repeat with the other riser, if applicable. Attach
the rest of the connector links to the tension device and
do a thorough continuity check from the canopy to the
connector links. If the lines were incorrectly assembled,
disconnect the link from the riser, remove the lines, and
reinstall them onto the connector link in the correct order.
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Parachute Rigger Handbook(42)
