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ADMINISTRATOR—The
Federal Aviation Administrator or
any person to whom he/she has delegated
his/her authority in the matter
concerned.
ADVISORY CIRCULAR—
The Federal Aviation Administration
(FAA) issues advisory circulars
(ACs) to provide guidance and information
in a designated subject area
or to show a method acceptable to the
Administrator for complying with a
related Code of Federal Regulation
(CFR). Each AC is issued with a
number corresponding to the subject
it addresses in the Code of Federal
Regulations. Unless incorporated
into a regulation by reference, the
contents of an AC are not binding on
the public.
AERODYNAMICS—The
study of the behavior of moving air
and the forces that it produces as it
passes over or around certain shaped
objects such as wings, propellers, or
parachute canopies.
AGL—Above ground level.
AIRFRAME AND POWERPLANT
MECHANIC—Any
person certificated by the FAA to perform
maintenance or inspections on
an aircraft’s airframe or powerplant.
AIRWORTHINESS
DIRECTIVES (ADs)—Issued
by the Federal Aviation Administration
(FAA) to notify owners and
users of aeronautical products of
unsafe conditions and the mandatory
corrections under which the product
may continue to be used. Each AD is
an amendment to Title 14, Code of
Federal Regulations, part 39; as such,
it is part of the Federal Public Laws.
AIRWORTHINESS—A complete
parachute assembly is considered
airworthy when it conforms to
its TSO and/or properly altered condition,
and is in condition for safe
operation.
ALTERATION—A change to
the original configuration or any
other major change to any portion of
the parachute from its original manufacture
specifications.
APEX—The center and topmost
point of a round parachute canopy.
APPROVED—An item which in
its present form has received official
certification from the FAA.
ASSISTOR POCKET—Air
scoops at the top of a sleeve, which
provide drag and aid in anchoring the
sleeve as the canopy is pulled out.
Also, fabric pockets on the bridle of a
free bag, which aid in the deployment
of the bag in the event of a horseshoetype
malfunction.
AUTOMATIC
ACTIVATION DEVICE
(AAD)—A device for automatically
releasing the reserve or emergency
parachute. Utilizes barometric
and rate of descent sensors.
AUXILIARY
PARACHUTE—A reserve parachute.
B
BACK PARACHUTE—A
parachute which is worn on the back.
BACKSTITCH—Used to anchor
a row of stitching by turning the
material and sewing over the stitching
for a short distance.
BACKPAD—A foam-filled pad
placed between the harness and the
wearer which provides comfort
and/or holds the harness in place.
G-2
BACK STRAP—A part of the
harness which extends across the
wearer’s back. It may be diagonal,
horizontal, or vertical, and may or
may not be adjustable.
BAG, DEPLOYMENT—A
container, usually fabric, and usually
enclosed in a parachute pack containing
a parachute canopy.
BAR TACK—A concentrated
series of zigzag-like stitches used to
reinforce points of stress.
BECKET—A piece of tape or
webbing sewn to a parachute or pack
to form a loop through which a cord
or thread may be passed.
BEESWAX—A wax, usually
mixed 1:1 with paraffin and heated.
Webbing is dipped into it to prevent
fraying.
BELLYBAND—A reserve tiedown
strap.
BIAS CONSTRUCTION—
Construction where the warp and
filler threads of the material are at 45
degrees to the centerline of the gore.
BIAS CUT—A diagonal cut
across a piece of fabric. Canopy fabric
may be cut on the bias and assembled
so that both warp and fill threads
run at a 45 degree angle to the vertical
centerline of the gore.
BLOCK CONSTRUCTION—
An arrangement of the gores such
that the warp threads are parallel to
the peripheral hem.
BOBBIN—A small spool used to
hold thread. Commonly found in
sewing machines.
BODKIN—A large-eyed needle,
flat or round, and usually blunt, used
to draw tape, ribbon, elastic, or cord
through a loop or hem. Used to pull
pack opening bands through containers.
BOLT—A compact package or roll
of fabric.
BREAK TIE—Any tie or tacking
designed to break under a specified
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Parachute Rigger Handbook(103)
