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preflight. Proper assembly techniques, followed by a
close inspection of the glider using checklists contained
in the Glider Flight Manual/Pilot’s Operating
Handbook (GFM/POH), are essential for flight
safety. In order to ensure correct and safe procedures
for assembly of a glider, students and pilots unfamiliar
with glider assembly should seek instruction from
a knowledgable glider flight instructor or certificated
private or higher glider pilot. Safely launching a
glider requires careful inspection, appropriate use of
checklists, and quality teamwork. Launch procedures
should be carried out systematically and consistently
each time you fly.
ASSEMBLY TECHNIQUES
While preparing to assemble a glider, consider the following
elements: location, number of crewmembers,
tools and parts necessary, and checklists that detail the
appropriate assembly procedures. The GFM/POH
should contain checklists for assembling and preflighting
your glider. If not, develop your own and follow it
every time you fly. Haphazard assembly and preflight
procedures can lead to unsafe flying conditions.
Before assembling a glider, find a location that shields
the project from the elements and offers enough room
for completion. Wind is an important factor to consider
during an outdoor assembly. Each wing is an airfoil
regardless of whether or not it is connected to the fuselage;
even a gentle breeze is enough to produce lift on
the wings, making them cumbersome or impossible to
handle. If assembling the glider in a spot shielded from
the wind, great care must still be taken when handling
the wings.
When performing the assembly inside a hangar,
ensure there is enough room to maneuver the glider’s
components throughout the process. Also, consider
the length of time you anticipate to complete the entire
procedure, and choose an area that allows complete
undisturbed assembly. Moving the glider during
assembly may cause parts or tools to be misplaced.
Wing stands, pliers, screwdrivers, and lubricants
should be on hand when assembling the glider. [Figure
6-1] To stay organized, use a written assembly checklist,
and keep an inventory of parts and tools. Once the
assembly is complete account for all parts and tools.
Objects inadvertently misplaced in the glider could
become jammed in the flight controls, making control
difficult if not impossible.
Depending on the type of glider, two or more people
may be required for assembly. It is important for everyone
involved to maintain focus throughout the assembly
process in order to avoid missed steps. Outside
disturbances should also be avoided. Once the assembly
is finished, a thorough inspection of all attach
points ensures that bolts and pins were installed and
secured properly.
TRAILERING
Trailers are used to transport, store, and retrieve gliders.
[Figure 6-2] The components of the glider should
fit snuggly without being forced, be guarded against
chafing, and be well secured within the trailer. Once
the loading is completed, take a short drive, stop, and
check for rubbing or chafing of components.
Figure 6-1. Wing stand used during glider assembly.
Figure 6-2. Open and closed trailers.
6-2
Prior to taking the trailer on the road, complete a thorough
inspection. Inspect the tires for proper inflation
and adequate tread; check all lights to make sure they
are operating; ensure the hitch is free moving and well
lubricated; make sure the vehicle attachment is rated
for the weight of the trailer; check the vehicle and
trailer brake operation.
When using a trailer, there are other precautions to
note. First, avoid towing with too much or too little
tongue weight as this causes the trailer to fishtail at certain
speeds, and it may become uncontrollable. Second,
take care when unloading the glider to avoid damage.
TIEDOWN AND SECURING
Anytime the glider is left unattended it should be tied
down. When selecting a tiedown location, choose a
spot that faces into the wind if possible. Permanent
tiedowns are often equipped with straps, ropes, or
chains for the wings and tail, and a release hook for the
nose. Check the condition of these tiedowns before use.
If strong winds are expected, tie the spoilers open with
seat belts, or place a padded stand under the tail to
reduce the angle of attack of the wings. This reduces
the pull of the glider against the tiedowns. When securing
the glider outside for an extended period of time,
install gust locks on the control surfaces to prevent
them from banging against their stops in the wind.
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Glider Flying Handbook(53)
