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大气数据系统—— 此系统测量皮托管压力、静压及空气总温并计算
出不同的大气数据参数。
惯性基准系统—— 此系统输出例如像航向、高度及飞机当前位置等
关键导航参数。
电子飞行仪表系统—— 此系统提供飞机各系统不同系统的显示。
气象雷达—— 此系统提供飞机前方气象状况的显示，并能进行地图
显示。
低空无线电高度表—— 此系统测量飞机与地球表面的绝对高度。
近地警告系统—— 此系统通过其它系统的输入引导飞机并提供最佳
参数选定的飞行计划。
飞行管理计算机系统—— 此系统用音响或视觉警告给飞行员相对于
地球表面不安全的飞行路径。
指点信标—— 此系统提供当飞机飞经一个特定的位置时进行指示。
警告及防撞系统—— 此系统为飞行员提供在此区域内相对于其它飞
机处在不安全的情况下提供警告及建议。
(2) Previously, airplanes were navigated by flying from station to station
along the route from the airplane’s origin to destination. The pitot used
distance measuring equipment(DME), VHF omnirange (VOR)and
automatic direction finder(ADF) to fly to each station.With the advent of
inertial navigation system(INS), it became possible to fly a more direct
route from origin to destinatin. A direct, great circle route is highly
desirable because of potential fuel and time savings. Because of possible
position errors in inertial systems the pitot is required to verify the inertial
position with the DOME, VOR and ADF system. The computations
required to verify the inertial position are lengthy and time consuming and
are much more suited to an onboard computer. Also, since the airplane is
not on a course to a nearby station but on a direct course to a distant
destination, the computations are move complex.
(3) The flight management computer system (FMCS) continuously calculates
the optimum flight path and engine thrust to save time and fuel. During
takeoff, the FMCS provides optimized thrust setting for takeoff based on
gross weight of the airplane and outside temperature. During climb, the
FMCS provides optimized climb profiles by predicting both opimum
altitude and cruise speeds.further, the FMCS provides projections of top of
climb and step climbs. During cruise, the FMCS optimizes descents by
predicting top of descent speeds are targeted to make maximum utilization
of the potential energy of the airplane.
飞行管理计算机系统继续计算最佳的飞行路径及发动机推力，以节省
时间和燃油。在起飞期间，飞行管理计算机系统依据飞机总重及外界
温度为飞机起飞提供最佳的推力设置。在爬升阶段，飞行管理计算机
系统通过预测最佳姿态及巡航速度来提供最佳的爬升剖面。更进一步
的，飞行管理计算机系统提供爬升到顶的计划及分段爬升。在巡航阶
段，飞行管理计算机系统在导航数据的基础上通过预测下降顶端来优
化下降。在整个下降阶段，下降速度是
(4) There are two important equipment used in navigation system, one is the
integrated flight systems accessory unit (IFSAU), the other is the digital to
analog adapter(DAA). This IFSAU is line replaceable unit (LRU) located
in the electronic equipment compartment. Is contains two printed circuit
card(A1,A2). Each of the cards is connected to a different rear connector
on the LRU. The A1 card is the IFSAU autopilot card, it has circuits that
operate independently to monitor, engage, and set autopilot and navigation
modes. The A2 card is the IFSAU flight instrument card, it has circuits
that operate independently to monitor, set, and test flight instrument
system. It also contains suppression diodes and load resistors for
externally connected circuits.
(5) Tow digital to analog adapters(DAA) are installed in the 737 airplane. The
DAA is part of inertial reference system(IRS). It stores inflight failures of
the IRS in memory and monitors the IRS for current status. THE DAA
converts the ARINC 429 data bus output from the IRS into an analog
format and sends that data to the radio distance magnetic indicator9RDMI).
The DAA converts an IRS BITE request discrete from the flight
management computer system into an analog signal and sends it to the
IRS.
(6) The DAA perform other tasks not related with the IRS. They convert
VOR/ILS navigation system signals from analog format into ARINC 429
format and sent the data to the electronic flight instrument system (EFIS)
for display to the flight crew. The DAA convert analog information from
the fuel summation unit into data information and send the information on
an ARINC 429 data bus to the FMCS. The DAA also converts the low
speed N1 fromARINC 429 format into analog format and sends the N1
information to the engine indicator. The DAA alos converts DME distance
fromARINC 568 to ARINC 429 and sends it to the flight control
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航空工程英语基础（中英文对照）(102)
