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5.3.6.5 Recommendation.- The lights should be
designed and be installed in such a manner that they will not
dazzle or conjiue a pilot when approaching to land, taking off
or taxiing.
5.3.7 Runway lead-in lighting systems
Application
5.3.7.1 Recommendation.- A runway lead-in lighting
system should be provided where it is desired to provide visual
guidance along a specific approach path, for reasons such as
avoiding hazardous terrain .or, for purposes of noise
abatement.
Note.- Guidance on providing lead-in lighting systems is
given in the Aerodrome Design Manual, Part 4.
5.3.7.2 Recommendation.- A runway lead-in lighting
system should consist of groups of lights positioned so as to
define the desired approach path and so that one group may
be ~ightedfi om the preceding group. The interval between
adjacent groups should not exceed approximately 1 600 m.
Note.- Runway lead-in lighting systems may be curved,
straight or a combination thereof:
5.3.7.3 Recommendation.- A runway lead-in lighting
system should extend fiom a point as determined by the
appropriak authority, up to a point where the approach
lighting system, if provided, or the runway or the runway
lighting system is in .vih.
Characteristics
5.3.7.4 Recommendation.- Each group of lights of a
runway lead-in lighting system should consist of at least three
jlashing lights in a linear or cluster configuration. The system
may be augmented by steady burning lights where such lights
would assist in identrfiing the system.
5.3.7.5 Recommendation.- The jlashing lights should
be white, and the steady burning lights gaseous discharge
lights..
5.3.7.6 Recommendation.- Where practicable, the
flashing lights in each group shouldflash in sequence towardr
the runway.
5.3.8 Runway threshold identification lights
Application
5.3.8.1 Recommendation.- Runway threshold identification
lights should be installed:
a) at the threshold of a non-precision approach runway
when additional threshold conspicuity is necessary or
where it is not practicable to provide other approach
lighting aids; and
b) where a runway threshold is permanently displacedfim
the runway extremity or temporarily displacedfiom the
noimal position and additional threshold conspicuity is
necessary.
Location
5.3.8.2 Runway threshold identification lights shall be
located symmetrically about the runway centre line, in line
with the threshold and approximately 10 m outside each line
of runway edge lights.
Chapter 5 Annex 14 - Aerodromes.
Characteristics
5.3.8.3 Recommendation.- Runway threshold identification
lights should be flashing white lights with a flash
frequency between 60 and 120 per minute.
5.3.8.4 The lights shall be visible only in the direction of
approach to the runway.
5.3.9 Runway edge lights
Application
5.3.9.1 Runway edge lights shall be provided for a
runway intended for use at night or for a precision approach
runway intended for use by day or night.
5.3.9.2 Recommendation.- Runway edge lights should
be provided on a runway intended for take-off with an
operating minimum below an RVR of the order of 800 m by
day.
Location
5.3.9.3 Runway edge lights shall be placed along the full
length of the runway and shall be in two parallel rows equidistant
fiom the centre line.
5.3.9.4 Runway edge lights shall be placed along the
edges of the area declared for use as the runway or outside the
edges of the area at a distance of not more than 3 m.
5.3.9.5 Recommendation.- Where the width of the area
which could be declared as runway exceedr 60 m, the distance
between the rows of lights should be determined taking into
account the nature of the operations, the light distribution
characteristics of the runway edge lights, and other visual aidr
serving the runway.
5.3.9.6 The lights shall be uniformly spaced in rows at
intervals of not more than 60 m for an instrument runway, and
at intervals of not more than 100 m for a non-instrument
runway. The lights on opposite sides of the runway axis shall
be on lines at right angles to that axis. At intersections of
runways, lights may be spaced irregularly or omitted, provided
that adequate guidance remains available to the pilot.
b) a section of the lights 600 m or one-third of the runway
length, whichever is the less, at the remote end of the
runway fiom the end at which the take-off run is started,
may show yellow.
5.3.9.8 The runway edge lights shall show at all angles in
azimuth necessary to provide guidance to a pilot landing or
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