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3. Colours for markings,
signs and panels
Note 1 .- The specifications of surface colours given below
apply only to freshly coloured surfaces. Colours used for
markings, signs and panels usually change with time and
therefore require renewal.
Note 2.- Guidance on surface colours is contained in the
CIE document entitled Recommendations for Surface Colours
for Visual Signalling - Publication No. 39-2 (TC-106) 1983.
Note 3.- The specifications recommended in 3.4 below
for transilluminated panels are interim in nature and are
based on the CIE specifications for transilluminated signs.
It is intended that these specifications will be reviewed and
updated as and when CIE develops specifications for
transilluminated panels.
3.1 The chromaticities and luminance factors of ordinary
colours, colours of retro-reflective materials and colours of
transilluminated (internally illuminated) signs and panels shall
be determined under the following standard conditions:
a) angle of illumination: 45';
b) direction of view: perpendicular to surface; and
c) illuminant: CIE standard illuminant D65.
3.2 Recommendation.- The chromaticity and luminance
factors of ordinary colours for markings and externally
illuminated signs and panels should be within the following
boundories when determined under standard conditions.
CIE Equations (see Figure Al-2):
a). Red
Purple boundary y = 0.345 - 0.051~
White boundary y = 0.910-x
Orange boundary y = 0.314 + 0.047~
Luminance factor p = 0.07 (mnm)
b) Orange
Red boundary y = 0.285 + 0.100~
White boundary y = 0.940 - x
Yellow boundary y = 0.250 + 0.220~
Luminance factor p = 0.20 (mnm)
APP 1-2
Appendix 1 Annex 14 -Aerodromes
c) Yellow
Orange boundary y = 0.108 + 0.707~
White boundary y = 0.910 - x
Green boundary y = 1.35~- 0.093
Luminance factor p = 0.45 (mnm)
d) White
Purple boundary y = 0.010 + x
Blue boundary y = 0.610-x
Green boundary y = 0.030 + x
Yellow boundary y = 0.710 -x
Luminance factor J = 0.75 (mnm)
e) Black
Purple boundary y =x - 0.030
Blue boundary y = 0.570-x
Green boundary y = 0.050 + x
Yellow boundary y = 0.740-x
Luminance factor J = 0.03 (mar)
j Yellowish green
Green boundary y = 1.317~+ 0.4
White boundary y = 0.910-x
Yellow boundary y = 0.867~+ 0.4
Note.- The small separation between surface red and
surface orange is not sufficient to ensure the distinction of
these colours when seen separately.
3.3 Recommendation.- The chromaticity and luminance
factors of colours of mro-reflective materials for markings,
signs and panels should be within the following boundaries
when determined under standard conditions.
CIE Equations (see Figure AI-3):
a) Red
Purple boundary y = 0.345 - 0.051~
White boundary y = 0.910 - x
Orange boundary y = 0.314 + 0.047~
tu.minance factor p = 0.03 (mnm)
b) Orange
Red bowdory y = 0.265 + 0.205~
White boundary y = 0.910 - x
Yellow boundary y = 0.207 + 0.390x
Luminance factor p = 0.14 (mnm)
c) Yellow
Orange boundary y = 0.160 + 0.540x
White boundary y = 0.910-x
Green boundary y = 1.35~- 0.093
Luminance factor p = 0.16 (mnm)
d) White
Purple boundary y = x
Blue boundary y = 0.610 - x
Green boundary y = 0.040 + x
Yellow boundary y = 0.710-x
Luminance factor p = 0.27 (mnm)
e) Blue
Green boundary y = 0.118 + 0.675~
White boundary y = 0.370 - x
Purple boundary y = 1.65-~ 0.187
Luminance factor p = 0.01 (mnm)
j.l Green
Yellow boundary y = 0.711 - 1.22~
White boundary y = 0.243 + 0.670~
Blue boundary y = 0.405 - 0.243~
Luminance factor p = 0.03 (mnm)
3.4 Recommendation.- The chromaticity and
luminance factors of colours for transilluminated (internally
illuminated) signs and panels should be within the following
boundaries when determined under standard conditions.
CIE Equations (see Figure AI-4):
a) Red
Purple boundary y = 0.345 - 0. 05lx
White boundary y = 0.910 - x
Orange boundary y = 0.314 + 0.047~
Luminance factor p = 0.07 (mnm)
(day condition)
Relative luminance 5% (mnm)
to white (night 20% (mar)
condition)
b) Yellow
Orange boundary y = 0.108 + 0.707~
White boundary y = 0.910 - x
Green boundary y = 1.35~- 0.093
Luminance factor p = 0.45 (mnm)
(day condition)
Relative luminance 30% (mnm)
to white (night 80% (mar)
condition)
c) White
Purple boundary y = 0.010 + x
Blue boundory y = 0.610 - x
Green boundary y = 0.030 + x
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