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determined by the decrease in area of
the succeeding stages.
BACK SIDE OF THE POWER
CURVE— Flight regime in which
flight at a higher airspeed requires a
lower power setting and a lower
airspeed requires a higher power
setting in order to maintain altitude.
BALKED LANDING—
A go-around.
BALLAST—Removable or permanently
installed weight in an aircraft
ALTITUDE (AGL)—The actual
height above ground level (AGL) at
which the aircraft is flying.
ALTITUDE (MSL)—The actual
height above mean sea level (MSL) at
which the aircraft is flying.
ALTITUDE CHAMBER—A device
that simulates high altitude conditions
by reducing the interior pressure. The
occupants will suffer from the same
physiological conditions as flight at
high altitude in an unpressurized
aircraft.
ALTITUDE ENGINE—
A reciprocating aircraft engine having
a rated takeoff power that is
producible from sea level to an
established higher altitude.
ANGLE OF ATTACK—The acute
angle between the chord line of the
airfoil and the direction of the relative
wind.
ANGLE OF INCIDENCE—
The angle formed by the chord line of
the wing and a line parallel to the
longitudinal axis of the airplane.
ANNUAL INSPECTION—
A complete inspection of an aircraft
and engine, required by the Code
of Federal Regulations, to be
accomplished every 12 calendar
months on all certificated aircraft.
Only an A&P technician holding an
Inspection Authorization can conduct
an annual inspection.
ANTI-ICING—The prevention of
the formation of ice on a surface. Ice
may be prevented by using heat or by
covering the surface with a chemical
that prevents water from reaching the
surface. Anti-icing should not be confused
with deicing, which is the
removal of ice after it has formed on
the surface.
ATTITUDE INDICATOR—
An instrument which uses an artificial
horizon and miniature airplane to
depict the position of the airplane in
relation to the true horizon. The
attitude indicator senses roll as well as
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used to bring the center of gravity into
the allowable range.
BALLOON—The result of a too
aggressive flare during landing
causing the aircraft to climb.
BASIC EMPTY WEIGHT
(GAMA)—Basic empty weight
includes the standard empty weight
plus optional and special equipment
that has been installed.
BEST ANGLE OF CLIMB (VX)—
The speed at which the aircraft will
produce the most gain in altitude in a
given distance.
BEST GLIDE—The airspeed in
which the aircraft glides the furthest
for the least altitude lost when in
non-powered flight.
BEST RATE OF CLIMB (VY)—
The speed at which the aircraft will
produce the most gain in altitude in
the least amount of time.
BLADE FACE—The flat portion of a
propeller blade, resembling the
bottom portion of an airfoil.
BLEED AIR—Compressed air
tapped from the compressor stages of
a turbine engine by use of ducts and
tubing. Bleed air can be used for
deice, anti-ice, cabin pressurization,
heating, and cooling systems.
BLEED VALVE—In a turbine
engine, a flapper valve, a popoff
valve, or a bleed band designed to
bleed off a portion of the compressor
air to the atmosphere. Used to
maintain blade angle of attack and
provide stall-free engine acceleration
and deceleration.
BOOST PUMP—An electrically
driven fuel pump, usually of the
centrifugal type, located in one of the
fuel tanks. It is used to provide fuel to
the engine for starting and providing
fuel pressure in the event of failure of
the engine driven pump. It also
pressurizes the fuel lines to prevent
vapor lock.
CAMBERED—The camber of an
airfoil is the characteristic curve of its
upper and lower surfaces. The upper
camber is more pronounced, while the
lower camber is comparatively flat.
This causes the velocity of the airflow
immediately above the wing to be
much higher than that below the wing.
CARBURETOR ICE— Ice that
forms inside the carburetor due to the
temperature drop caused by the
vaporization of the fuel. Induction
system icing is an operational hazard
because it can cut off the flow of the
fuel/air charge or vary the fuel/air
ratio.
CARBURETOR—1. Pressure: A
hydromechanical device employing a
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AIRPLANE FLYING HANDBOOK 飞机飞行手册下(106)
