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a) Test – is performed when the requirement explicitly calls for a demonstration by test (physical, actual or simulation). Examples of test are fatigue test, simulation, functional or operational test, fire or flammability test, and environmental test (e.g. salt spray).
b) Analysis – is performed when the requirement explicitly calls for a demonstration by analysis (qualitative, quantitative, or comparative). Examples of analysis are failure modes and effects analysis, static strength or damage tolerance analysis, and structural loads analysis.
c) Inspection or Evaluation – is performed against an item that does not require test or analysis, but relies on observation, judgment, verification, evaluation, or a statement of attestation from the applicant or its vendors/contractors.
d) By Derivation or Similarity – is performed when a new repair design can be developed or derived from a previously approved repair and the two repair designs can be considered similar.
6.4.4 Demonstration of compliance
6.4.4.1 The demonstration of compliance requires that the applicant submit substantiating data (design data, reports, analysis, drawings, processes, material specifications, instructions for continued airworthiness, etc). The data should be complete and in a logical format for review by the CAA. Where the demonstration of compliance involves a test, a test plan should be developed and approved prior to any actual test being performed. Official certification tests are conducted or witnessed by ACD personnel or by an ACD delegate, when authorized.
6.4.4.2 The applicant should give the ACD access to the product being repaired in order to make any inspections, test, and engineering assessment that may be necessary to determine compliance with the approval basis of the repair. However, the applicant should perform his own inspection and test necessary to demonstrate compliance, prior to presenting the repaired product to the ACD for testing or evaluation.
6.4.5 Finding of compliance
The CAA makes a finding of compliance on the approval basis. The finding of compliance can be made by the ACD, AID, or by its authorized delegate, depending on the pre-defined levels of involvement in the repair approval process. Following a successful demonstration of compliance by the applicant, the ACD should make a finding of compliance and conclude the approval process. The findings are usually accomplished through one or any combination of the following actions:
a) Acceptance of substantiating data. Reports, analysis, drawings, or similar documents are usually produced against each item in the approval basis and should be reviewed and accepted. Specific attention should be paid to the methodology and assumptions, rather than the detailed calculations or analysis.
b) Witnessing of test. Tests are performed in accordance with an approved test plan and witnessed by the ACD. The test should be conducted only after conformity with the test plan has been established for the test articles, test environment and test facilities. The ACD does not take part in the actual performance of the test, and should remain impartial and concentrated on the test objective.
c) Engineering inspection. Any aspect of the repair design for which compliance with the approval basis cannot be determined through review of drawings or reports, should receive an engineering compliance inspection. An engineering compliance inspection is to assure that an installation, and its relationship to other installations on a product, complies with the design requirements.
d) Conformity inspection. Where required, should be performed by the AID to verify conformity of the repaired product with drawings, specifications, and special processes. An engineering inspection should not be confused with a conformity inspection. A conformity inspection is done to determine conformity to the engineering data, while an engineering inspection is done to determine compliance with the approval requirement.
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适航手册 AIRWORTHINESS MANUAL(115)
