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the affected area (volcanic dust may be spread over several hundred miles). If possible, stay on the
upwind side of the volcano (at least 20 nm upwind of it if it is erupting).
In hours of darkness or in meteorological conditions that obscure volcanic dust, one or several of the
following phenomena indicate that the aircraft may be flying into ash cloud:
• smoke or dust in the cockpit,
• acrid odor similar to electric smoke,
• at night, the appearance of St. Elmo fire and static discharges around the windshield,
• bright white or orange glow appearing in the engine inlets,
A330/A340 FLIGHT CREW
OPERATING MANUAL
PROCEDURES
SUPPLEMENTARY PROCEDURES
ADVERSE WEATHER - OPERATIONS IN VOLCANIC ASH, SAND OR DUST
A330/A340 FLEET PRO-SUP-91-40 P 4/8
FCOM 19 AUG 10
• sharp, distinct beams from the landing lights,
• multiple engine malfunctions, such as rising EGT decreasing, power, stall or flame out.
If the aircraft enters a volcanic ash cloud :
ESCAPE MANEUVER (terrain permitting)........................................................................ INITIATE
Because the lateral dimensions of ash cloud are not known, the pilot should if possible turn
180 °.
ATC....................................................................................................................................NOTIFY
A/THR......................................................................................................................................OFF
This will prevent thrust variations.
THRUST (terrain permitting).........................................................................................DECREASE
This helps to maintain the engine stall margin by reducing the amount of ash ingestion and
limiting the EGT. Il also holds the accumulation of molten volcanic ash on turbine vanes to a
minimum. Do not climb, since this increases EGT.
CREW OXYGEN............................................................................................................. ON/100 %
CABIN CREW..................................................................................................................... NOTIFY
PAX OXYGEN................................................................................................................. AS RQRD
Depending on contamination.
ENG ANTI ICE............................................................................................................................ON
WING ANTI ICE..........................................................................................................................ON
PACK FLOW...............................................................................................................................HI
Maximum airbleed gives the engines additional stall margin.
Note: If CARGO VENTILATION system is installed, it is recommended to switch off the
CARGO ISOL VALVES, to prevent a cargo smoke warning being triggered.
APU (if available)..................................................................................................................START
This prepares the aircraft for a starter-assisted engine relight.
ENGINES PARAMETERS...............................................................................................MONITOR
Monitor the EGT carefully to see that it does not go over its limit.
Note: To prevent the engines from exceeding EGT limits it may become necessary to use a
precautionary engine shut-down.
• Restart when clear of volcanic ash cloud.
• Upon restart, the engine may accelerate very slowly. Do not misinterpret this as a
failure to start.
• Consider that the compressor and turbine blades have been eroded and avoid
sudden changes in thrust. Fuel flow and EGT may increase.
A330/A340 FLIGHT CREW
OPERATING MANUAL
PROCEDURES
SUPPLEMENTARY PROCEDURES
ADVERSE WEATHER - OPERATIONS IN VOLCANIC ASH, SAND OR DUST
A330/A340 FLEET PRO-SUP-91-40 P 5/8
FCOM 19 AUG 10
AIRSPEED INDICATIONS.............................................................................................. MONITOR
Volcanic ash may clog the pitot probes. If the airspeed indication is lost or becomes unreliable,
(Refer to STLO-ABN-34 UNRELIABLE SPEED INDIC/ADR CHECK PROC).
Note: Electrostatic conditions may cause communication problems.
REPORTING
• Whenever operating in areas affected by volcanic activity, flight crews should be aware of
volcanic reporting procedures and be familiar with the use of the ICAO Special Air Report of
Volcanic Activity (Model VAR).
• If the aircraft encounters a volcanic ash cloud, the flight crew should report the location altitude,
and direction of drift for the ash cloud to ATC, flight conditions and crew duties permitting.
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A330/A340机组操作手册 FLIGHT CREW OPERATING MANUAL FCOM 11(139)
