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writing and should preferably be submitted on the response form.
90. CASA will register all comments made. After the time for comments (or any
extension of it) expires, CASA will evaluate all the comments received, and publish a
summary of those comments, CASA’s response to them, the action taken, CASA’s
policy, the action being taken, the finalised draft legislation or manual change, and any
associated guidance and supporting materials.
91. Finally, for changes to CASR or CAR only, the Minister for Transport and
Regional Services must decide whether to recommend to the Governor-General that the
proposed amending Regulations be made. If the Minister approves the proposed change,
he or she submits the text of the proposed amending Regulations to the Governor-
General for making as Regulations. After the proposed Regulations are made, a notice
of their making is published in the Commonwealth Gazette, and copies of the official
text are made available. The Regulations are also tabled in each House of the Parliament
within 15 sitting days after making, and then within a further 15 sitting days any
Member or Senator can move to disallow them.
91A. Authority to issue a MOS rests with the Director of Aviation Safety.
Civil Aviation Safety Regulations 1998 (CASR)
CASR — 1st Edition – January 2003 Office of Legal Counsel
Replacement Page Amdt No. 11 — December 2004 Civil Aviation Safety Authority
Guide — 15
Note on terms
92. As mentioned above, there are terms used in the Regulations that are well
recognised in the aviation industry, but are not standard dictionary words, or that have a
meaning that is not obvious from the meanings of the words that make them up.
Because nobody who is expert in aviation needs to have such terms explained, there are
no definitions of them in the Dictionary. However, some explanations are set out below
for convenience.
Avgas means aviation gasoline. Petrol (gasoline) is graded according to volatility
and octane rating. Avgas is petrol within the volatility and octane ranges
approved for aircraft piston engines. (Some engines are approved to run on
‘mogas’ — that is, ordinary car fuel.) For other terms relating to fuel, see Jet A-1,
JP-1 and JP-4.
CAS means calibrated airspeed — that is, indicated airspeed corrected for position
error and instrument error.
Controlled airspace is airspace in which aircraft are subject to air traffic control.
For more details, see the Air Services Regulations and the determinations made by
Airservices Australia under regulation 2.04 of those Regulations.
Endorsement (of a licence) is used in connection with some kinds of licences to
mean a subsidiary location-specific qualification. For example, an air traffic
control licence must be endorsed for a particular location or particular airspace.
Flight level (FL): Altitudes above a certain altitude called the transition altitude
(currently 11 000 feet in Australia, possibly different in other countries) are often
expressed as flight levels. A flight level is a pressure altitude expressed as a 3-
digit number that represents hundreds of feet. For example, FL 290 is equivalent
to a pressure altitude of 29 000 feet, and FL 295 is equivalent to a pressure altitude
of 29 500 feet. (Note that altitude is not the same as height. Both terms are
defined in the Dictionary.)
Jet A-1 is the usual term in Australia for the grade of hydrocarbon fuel approved
for use in aircraft turbine engines. It is similar to power kerosene in terms of
volatility. (Kerosene-type fuels are not graded by octane number.) In US military
usage, a similar fuel is called ‘JP-1’.
JP-4 is a wide-cut hydrocarbon fuel used as a turbine engine fuel in some parts of
the world, but not permitted for aviation use in Australia.
Pressure altitude is the altitude shown by a barometric altimeter on which the
pressure subscale is set to 1 013.2 hectopascals. (This is the ‘sea level’ pressure in
the International Standard Atmosphere.) Depending on what the actual barometric
pressure at sea level is at the time and the actual pressure lapse rate with height,
the pressure altitude shown on such an altimeter may or may not be its actual
altitude.
Rating means an endorsement on a licence that confers specific privileges, or is
evidence of the holder being permitted to do particular things. For example, a
person who holds an aircraft maintenance engineer licence may hold 1 or more
ratings, such as a rating for a particular aircraft type. Normally a licence must be
endorsed with at least 1 rating before the licence actually authorises its holder to
do anything.
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