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时间:2010-07-14 23:26来源:蓝天飞行翻译 作者:admin
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aircraft category being sought.
2.7.3.2 The applicant shall have completed not less than:
a) 50 hours of cross-country flight time as pilot-incommand
of aircraft in categories acceptable to the
Licensing Authority, of which not less than 10 hours
shall be in the aircraft category being sought; and
b) 40 hours of instrument time in aircraft of which not
more than 20 hours, or 30 hours where a flight simulator
is used, may be instrument ground time. The
ground time shall be under the supervision of an
authorized instructor.
2.7.4 Flight instruction
2.7.4.1 The applicant shall have gained not less than
10 hours of the instrument flight time required in 2.7.3.2 b)
while receiving dual instrument flight instruction in the aircraft
category being sought, from an authorized flight instructor.
The instructor shall ensure that the applicant has operational
experience in at least the following areas to the level of performance
required for the holder of an instrument rating:
a) pre-flight procedures, including the use of the flight
manual or equivalent document, and appropriate air
traffic services documents in the preparation of an
IFR flight plan;
b) pre-flight inspection, use of checklists, taxiing and pretake-
off checks;
c) procedures and manoeuvres for IFR operation under
normal, abnormal and emergency conditions covering
at least:
— transition to instrument flight on take-off;
— standard instrument departures and arrivals;
— en-route IFR procedures;
— holding procedures;
— instrument approaches to specified minima;
— missed approach procedures;
— landings from instrument approaches;
d) in-flight manoeuvres and particular flight characteristics.
2.7.4.2 If the privileges of the instrument rating are to be
exercised on multi-engined aircraft, the applicant shall have
received dual instrument flight instruction in a multi-engined
aircraft within the appropriate category from an authorized
flight instructor. The instructor shall ensure that the applicant
has operational experience in the operation of the aircraft
within the appropriate category by reference solely to instruments
with one engine inoperative or simulated inoperative.
2.8 Flight instructor rating appropriate to
aeroplanes, airships, helicopters and powered-lifts
2.8.1 Requirements for the issue of the rating
2.8.1.1 Knowledge
The applicant shall have met the knowledge requirements for
the issue of a commercial pilot licence as appropriate to the
category of aircraft included in the licence. In addition, the
applicant shall have demonstrated a level of knowledge
appropriate to the privileges granted to the holder of a flight
instructor rating, in at least the following areas:
a) techniques of applied instruction;
b) assessment of student performance in those subjects in
which ground instruction is given;
c) the learning process;
d) elements of effective teaching;
e) student evaluation and testing, training philosophies;
f) training programme development;
g) lesson planning;
h) classroom instructional techniques;
i) use of training aids, including flight simulation training
devices as appropriate;
j) analysis and correction of student errors;
k) human performance relevant to flight instruction
including principles of threat and error management;
Chapter 2 Annex 1 — Personnel Licensing
2-21 23/11/06
Note.— Guidance material to design training programmes
on human performance, including threat and
error management, can be found in the Human Factors
Training Manual (Doc 9683).
l) hazards involved in simulating system failures and
malfunctions in the aircraft.
2.8.1.2 Skill
The applicant shall have demonstrated, in the category and
class of aircraft for which flight instructor privileges are
sought, the ability to instruct in those areas in which flight
instruction is to be given, including pre-flight, post-flight and
ground instruction as appropriate.
2.8.1.3 Experience
The applicant shall have met the experience requirements for
the issue of a commercial pilot licence as specified in 2.4.3.1,
2.4.4.1, 2.4.5.1 and 2.4.6.1 for each aircraft category, as
appropriate.
2.8.1.4 Flight instruction
The applicant shall, under the supervision of a flight instructor
accepted by the Licensing Authority for that purpose:
a) have received instruction in flight instructional techniques
including demonstration, student practices, recognition
and correction of common student errors; and
b) have practised instructional techniques in those flight
 
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