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appropriate aircraft category engaged in operations
other than commercial air transportation;
c) to act as pilot-in-command, in commercial air transportation,
of an aircraft within the appropriate aircraft
category and certificated for single-pilot operation;
d) to act as co-pilot of an aircraft within the appropriate
aircraft category required to be operated with a co-pilot;
and
e) for the airship category, to pilot an airship under IFR.
2.4.2.2 Before exercising the privileges at night, the
licence holder shall have received dual instruction in aircraft
within the appropriate category of aircraft in night flying,
including take-off, landing and navigation.
Note.— Certain privileges of the licence are curtailed by
2.1.10 for licence holders when they attain their 60th and 65th
birthdays.
2.4.3 Specific requirements for the issue
of the aeroplane category rating
2.4.3.1 Experience
2.4.3.1.1 The applicant shall have completed not less
than 200 hours of flight time, or 150 hours if completed during
a course of approved training, as a pilot of aeroplanes. The
Licensing Authority shall determine whether experience as a
pilot under instruction in a flight simulation training device is
acceptable as part of the total flight time of 200 hours or
150 hours, as the case may be. Credit for such experience shall
be limited to a maximum of 10 hours.
2.4.3.1.1.1 The applicant shall have completed in
aeroplanes not less than:
a) 100 hours as pilot-in-command or, in the case of a
course of approved training, 70 hours as pilot-incommand;
b) 20 hours of cross-country flight time as pilot-incommand
including a cross-country flight totalling not
less than 540 km (300 NM) in the course of which
full-stop landings at two different aerodromes shall be
made;
c) 10 hours of instrument instruction time of which not
more than 5 hours may be instrument ground time; and
d) if the privileges of the licence are to be exercised at
night, 5 hours of night flight time including 5 take-offs
and 5 landings as pilot-in-command.
2.4.3.1.2 When the applicant has flight time as a pilot of
aircraft in other categories, the Licensing Authority shall
determine whether such experience is acceptable and, if so, the
extent to which the flight time requirements of 2.4.3.1.1 can be
reduced accordingly.
2.4.3.2 Flight instruction
The applicant shall have received dual instruction in aeroplanes
appropriate to the class and/or type rating, sought from an
authorized flight instructor. The instructor shall ensure that the
applicant has operational experience in at least the following
areas to the level of performance required for the commercial
pilot:
a) recognize and manage threats and errors;
Note.— Guidance material on the application of
threat and error management is found in the Procedures
for Air Navigation Services — Training (PANS-TRG,
Doc 9868), Chapter 3, Attachment C, and in Part II,
Chapter 2, of the Human Factors Training Manual
(Doc 9683).
b) pre-flight operations, including mass and balance
determination, aeroplane inspection and servicing;
c) aerodrome and traffic pattern operations, collision
avoidance precautions and procedures;
d) control of the aeroplane by external visual reference;
Chapter 2 Annex 1 — Personnel Licensing
2-11 23/11/06
e) flight at critically slow airspeeds; spin avoidance;
recognition of, and recovery from, incipient and full
stalls;
f) flight with asymmetrical power for multi-engine class
or type ratings;
g) flight at critically high airspeeds; recognition of, and
recovery from, spiral dives;
h) normal and crosswind take-offs and landings;
i) maximum performance (short field and obstacle clearance)
take-offs; short-field landings;
j) basic flight manoeuvres and recovery from unusual
attitudes by reference solely to basic flight instruments;
k) cross-country flying using visual reference, dead reckoning
and radio navigation aids; diversion procedures;
l) abnormal and emergency procedures and manoeuvres
including simulated aeroplane equipment malfunctions;
m) operations to, from and transiting controlled aerodromes,
compliance with air traffic services procedures; and
n) communication procedures and phraseology.
Note.— The instrument experience specified in 2.4.3.1.1.1 c)
and 2.4.3.2 j) and the night flying experience and dual instruction
specified in 2.4.3.1.1.1 d) and 2.4.2.2 do not entitle the
holder of a commercial pilot licence to pilot aeroplanes under
IFR.
2.4.4 Specific requirements for the issue
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