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programme assessment process is the capability
to model the noise, fuel burn, greenhouse gas
emissions and local air pollution produced by air traffic
movements. This work took a significant step forward in
2008 with the outline endorsement by ICAO’s Committee
on Aviation Environmental Protection that EUROCONTROL’s
Advanced Emissions, Local Air Quality and
Regional Noise models were appropriate to these tasks.
Obtaining this endorsement from ICAO is a notable
achievement, especially as the models have been subjected
to stress tests by the world’s leading aviation environmental
experts. The Advanced Emissions Model is
now embedded in EUROCONTROL’s key airspace simulation
tool with the result that fuel burn and greenhouse
gas emissions can now be systematically analysed for
almost any given operational scenario. To handle the
growing importance of and user base for these models
the Agency has started to outsource future development
and maintenance, beginning with the Advanced
Emissions Model in the latter half of the year.
In another area of the Agency’s environmental work,
continued support was provided to aviation environmental
specialists worldwide, principally on behalf of
ICAO, through the maintenance of the Aircraft Noise
Performance database and the annual update – with
the Federal Aviation Administration – of the Common
Operations Database used to estimate total air traffic
and emissions at the global level.
The EUROCONTROL PAGODA
system was used throughout
the year to provide supporting
information on emissions trading
to aircraft operators, the EC and
Member States.
52
Greening the network
The latest edition of the Agency’s authoritative Challenges
of Growth studies was published in November
2008, with environmental issues featuring more
prominently than ever. The report considered how,
with environmental sustainability now a key ATM performance
area, the industry can drive forward policy,
operational and technological improvements.
Difficult trade-offs which will need to be made
between growth and environmental impact in terms
of CO2 emissions, noise and local air quality were highlighted
and for the first time the potential impact of
climate change on the aviation industry was addressed
with a focus on air traffic management aspects.
The study also included work done with the Omega
consortium of UK Universities and the UK’s Meteorological
Office, which helped to examine how rising sea
levels, increasing temperatures, altered precipitation
patterns and declining water resources might affect
demand and how the industry might respond.
Assessing the environmental impact of ATM projects
is an essential part of EUROCONTROL’s environmental
work programme. Work has started on developing
guidance aimed at providing a process for all ATM
project leaders to follow so that they can analyse,
understand and, if appropriate, mitigate, their
projects’ environmental impacts. This guidance, when
available, will provide a quality standard for conducting
environmental studies in ATM in the future.
In 2007, the European Commission’s Directorate-
General for Energy and Transport (DG TREN), asked
EUROCONTROL to undertake a study to assess the
feasibility of developing an environmental impact
decision-support tool for aviation. In order to fulfil
this task, EUROCONTROL developed a prototype
tool, the so-called Versatile Environmental Impact
and Reporting Tool (VEIRT). This study was completed
in 2008.
The VEIRT prototype proved the feasibility of such a
project and has been judged capable of simulating
the environmental impact – in terms of fuel burn and
emissions – of new air transport policies and air traffic
flow management operational measures. It was used
in conjunction with EUROCONTROL flow management
simulation data to quantify the fuel and emissions
impact of three case studies dealing with reductions
and increases in traffic, fleet adaptations and air traffic
flow management operational measures. In addition
to assessing the fuel and emissions impact, VEIRT has
also proved capable of gauging the impact on other
aviation aspects, including the cost of the flight for the
aircraft operator, capacity, delay, route charges and
sector overload.
Organisations dealing with air transport policies
or the design of new airspace and route structures
could use VEIRT in the development of any high-level
assessment to accompany new legislative measures.
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