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the terminal charges billing and collection services. EUROCONTROL
successfully operates such bilateral agreements
for Croatia, Denmark, France (billing only), Hungary, Ireland,
Italy, Lithuania, Moldova, the Netherlands and Slovenia.
Costs for billing and collecting terminal charges are very
low, since the same data and processes are used for both
en-route and terminal charges. Moreover, claims submitted
by users and payments made by users in relation to both
types of charge are processed in a single operation. The
billing currency is EUR for all States with the exception of
Denmark where the local currency is used. The total amount
of terminal charges billed in 2008 was €392.6 million
(including France), corresponding to 2.6 million flights.
Shanwick communications charges
EUROCONTROL bills and collects Shanwick communications
charges in respect of flights performed in the
Shanwick Oceanic Region on behalf of the Irish Aviation
Authority (IAA). In 2008, the total amount of charges billed
amounted to €16.9 million (excluding VAT), corresponding
to 419,000 flights.
Bilateral agreements relating to air navigation charges
EUROCONTROL operated bilateral agreements relating
to air navigation charges with five EUROCONTROL non-
Member States, namely Belarus, Egypt, Latvia, Morocco
and Uzbekistan, and one EUROCONTROL Member State,
Ukraine. Air navigation charges comprise route charges
along with the option for terminal charges. In 2008, terminal
charges were billed on behalf of Belarus, Egypt and Ukraine.
The States concerned fund all resources required for operating
these bilateral agreements, without any financial contribution
from the EUROCONTROL Member States.
Since beginning of 2009 the billing currency for Ukraine
changed from US dollars to EUR, which is now the single
billing currency for all bilateral agreements with nonmember
States. The total amount of air navigation charges
billed in 2008 was €327.3 million, corresponding to 1.20
million flights.
46
Efficient regional ATC services
Delivering first-class ATC services at the lowest possible
cost has always been one of EUROCONTROL’s Maastricht
Upper Airspace Control Centre’s key business objectives.
It is significant therefore, that the total economic cost
per flight-hour controlled since 2000 has decreased by
37% whilst traffic volumes have risen by over 30%.
Overall, the total economic cost per flight-hour decreased
from €302 in 2007 to €297 in 2008; a reduction
of 1.3 %. The 2008 figure reflects the impact of the economic
crisis which began to show its first effects in the
spring, and resulted in a small yearly traffic decrease
of 0.4%. Costs went up by 4.1%, producing a 5.8%
increase in the economic cost per flight-hour.
From 2007 onwards, and in particular, since the last
quarter of 2008, meeting the target figure for the total
economic cost per flight-hour became increasingly
challenging as rising costs were no longer offset by
higher traffic figures. After the summer, and especially
since October 2008, short-term cost-effectiveness measures
were taken to manage costs. Recruitment plans
were reviewed and updated and new initiatives were
assessed on potential cost benefit ratios in the area of
operating costs.
Efficiency and cost-effectiveness
Driving down the cost of flying
Total economic cost per flight-hour (€) – Trend 2000-2008
200
100
0
300
400
500
600
700 €
574
2001 2003
326 309
2004 2006
255
2007
302
2008
297
2002
333
2005
235
2000
Cost of delay
ANS provision cost
466 Total economic cost
The total economic cost per flight-hour controlled
is a standard key performance indicator used in the
ATM cost-effectiveness (ACE) benchmarking reports,
produced by the Performance Review Commission.
It is the sum of ATM/CNS costs (or financial cost) and
ATFM delay costs per composite flight-hour.
EUROCONTROL Annual Report 2008 47
Conclusion
The Agency will continue to ensure that the Provisional Council’s efficiency
objectives are fulfilled so that airspace users can benefit from a continuous
approach to airspace and network optimisation to exploit capacity and improved
flight efficiency. In this respect, the implementation of measures included
in the DMEAN Framework Programme, the Airspace Action Plan, the Airspace
Management Improvement Initiative, the Terminal Airspace Improvement and
the Airport Programme will generate substantial savings.
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