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and experience requirements for the instrument rating as
outlined in Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations
(14 CFR) part 61. After completing the Federal Aviation
Administration (FAA) Knowledge Test issued for the
instrument rating, and all the experience requirements have
been satisfied, you are eligible to take the practical test. The
regulations specify minimum total and pilot-in-command
time requirements. This minimum applies to all applicants
regardless of ability or previous aviation experience.
Training for the Instrument Rating
A person who wishes to add the instrument rating to his or
her pilot certificate must first make commitments of time,
money, and quality of training. There are many combinations
of training methods available. Independent studies may be
adequate preparation to pass the required FAA Knowledge
Test for the instrument rating. Occasional periods of ground
and flight instruction may provide the skills necessary to
pass the required test. Or, individuals may choose a training
facility that provides comprehensive aviation education and
the training necessary to ensure the pilot will pass all the
required tests and operate safely in the National Airspace
System (NAS). The aeronautical knowledge may be
administered by educational institutions, aviation-oriented
schools, correspondence courses, and appropriately rated
instructors. Each person must decide for themselves which
training program best meets his or her needs and at the same
time maintain a high quality of training. Interested persons
viii
should make inquiries regarding the available training at
nearby airports, training facilities, in aviation publications,
and through the FAA Flight Standards District Office
(FSDO).
Although the regulations specify minimum requirements,
the amount of instructional time needed is determined not
by the regulation, but by the individual’s ability to achieve
a satisfactory level of proficiency. A professional pilot with
diversified flying experience may easily attain a satisfactory
level of proficiency in the minimum time required by
regulation. Your own time requirements will depend upon a
variety of factors, including previous flying experience, rate
of learning, basic ability, frequency of flight training, type of
aircraft flown, quality of ground school training, and quality
of flight instruction, to name a few. The total instructional
time you will need, the scheduling of such time, is up to the
individual most qualified to judge your proficiency—the
instructor who supervises your progress and endorses your
record of flight training.
You can accelerate and enrich much of your training by
informal study. An increasing number of visual aids and
programmed instrument courses is available. The best course
is one that includes a well-integrated flight and ground school
curriculum. The sequential nature of the learning process
requires that each element of knowledge and skill be learned
and applied in the right manner at the right time.
Part of your instrument training may utilize a flight simulator,
flight training device, or a personal computer-based aviation
training device (PCATD). This ground-based flight training
equipment is a valuable tool for developing your instrument
cross-check and learning procedures, such as intercepting and
tracking, holding patterns, and instrument approaches. Once
these concepts are fully understood, you can then continue
with inflight training and refine these techniques for full
transference of your new knowledge and skills.
Holding the instrument rating does not necessarily make you a
competent all-weather pilot. The rating certifies only that you
have complied with the minimum experience requirements,
that you can plan and execute a flight under IFR, that you
can execute basic instrument maneuvers, and that you have
shown acceptable skill and judgment in performing these
activities. Your instrument rating permits you to fly into
instrument weather conditions with no previous instrument
weather experience. Your instrument rating is issued on
the assumption that you have the good judgment to avoid
situations beyond your capabilities. The instrument training
program you undertake should help you to develop not only
essential flying skills but also the judgment necessary to use
the skills within your own limits.
Regardless of the method of training selected, the curriculum
in Appendix B, Instrument Training Lesson Guide, provides
guidance as to the minimum training required for the addition
of an instrument rating to a private or commercial pilot
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Instrument Flying Handbook仪表飞行手册上(3)
