getting to grips with COLD WEATHER OPERATIONS 寒冷天气运行(40)

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OAT  SAE Type II fluid concentration Neat-fluid/water (Vol. %/Vol. %)  Approximate holdover times under various weather conditions (hours: minutes) 
°C  °F  Frost (*)  Freezing fog  Snow  Freezing  drizzle (***)  Light freezing rain  Rain on cold soaked wing  Others (1) 
above 0  above 32  100/0  12:00  1:05-2:15  0:20-1:00  0:30-1:00  0:15-0:30  0:05-0:40  CAUTION: No holdover time guidelines exist 
75/25  6:00  0:50-1:45  0:15-0:40  0:20-0:45  0:10-0:25  0:05-0:25 
50/50  4:00  0:15-0:35  0:05-0:15  0:05-0:20  0:05-0:10  CAUTION: Clear ice may require touch for confirmation 
0 to -3  32 to 27  100/0  8:00  0:35-1:30  0:20-0:45  0:30-1:00  0:15-0:30 
75/25  5:00  0:25-1:00  0:15-0:30  0:20-0:45  0:10-0:25 
50/50  3:00  0:15-0:35  0:05-0:15  0:05-0:20  0:05-0:10 
below -3 to -14  below 27 to 7  100/0  8:00  0:30-1:05  0:15-0:35  0:15-0:45 (**)  0:10-0:30 (**) 
75/25  5:00  0:20-0:55  0:15-0:25  0:15-0:30 (**)  0:10-0:20 (**) 
below -14   to -25  below 7 to -13  100/0  8:00  0:15-0:20  0:15-0:30 
below -25  below -13  100/0  SAE Type II fluid may be used below -25°C (-13°F) provided the freezing point of the fluid is at least 7(C (13°F) below the OAT and the aerodynamic acceptance criteria are met. Consider use of SAE Type I when SAE Type II fluid cannot be used. 

°C: Degrees Celsius - °F: Degrees Fahrenheit - OAT: Outside Air Temperature - Vol: Volume
THE RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE APPLICATION OF THESE DATA REMAINS WITH THE USER.

(*) During conditions that apply to aircraft protection for ACTIVE FROST (See General notes hereafter)

(**) No holdover time guidelines exist for this condition below  -10 (C (14 (F)
(***) Use light freezing rain holdover times if positive identification of freezing drizzle is not possible

(1) (See General notes hereafter)
Snow pellets, snow grains, ice pellets, moderate and heavy freezing rain, hail
CAUTION: The time of protection will be shortened in heavy weather conditions. Heavy precipitation rates or high moisture content, high wind
velocity or jet blast may reduce holdover time below the lowest time stated in the range. Holdover time may be reduced when aircraft skin
temperature is lower than OAT.
CAUTION: SAE Type II fluid used during ground de-icing/anti-icing is not intended for and does not provide protection during flight.

Effective: October 1, 1999
Table 3 Guidelines for holdover times anticipated for SAE Type IV fluid mixtures as a function of weather conditions and OAT
　
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