getting to grips with COLD WEATHER OPERATIONS 寒冷天气运行(14)

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ISA  International Standard Atmosphere 
ISO  International Standard Organization 
JAA  Joint Aviation Authorities 
JAR  Joint Aviation Regulations 
K  Kelvin 
kg  kilogram 
kHz  kilohertz 
24  km kt  kilometer knot 

lb  pounds (weight) 
LDA  Landing Distance Available 
LDG  Landing 
LPC  Less Paper in the Cockpit 
M  Mach 

m  meter 
MAPT  Missed Approach PoinT 
MAX  Maximum 
mb  Millibar 

MDA/H MIN MLW  Minimum Descent Altitude / Height Minimum Maximum Landing weight 
mm  Millimeter 
MOCA  Minimum Obstruction Clearance Altitude 
MORA  Minimum Off-Route Altitude 
ms  Millisecond 
MSA  Minimum Safe (or Sector) Altitude 
MSL  Mean Sea Level 
MTOW  Maximum Take Off Weight 
NA  Not Applicable 
NAI  Nacelle Anti Ice 
NAV  Navigation 
NIL  No Item Listed (Nothing) 
NM  Nautical Miles 
NOTAM  Notice To Airmen 

OAT OCA/H OM  Outside Air Temperature Obstacle Clearance Altitude / Height Outer Marker 
PANS PAX  Procedures for Air Navigation Services Passenger 

PERF  Performance 
PIREP  Pilot Report 
PSI  Pounds per Square Inch 
QFE  Actual atmosphere pressure at 
airport elevation. 
QNE  Sea level standard atmosphere 
(1013 hPa or 29.92. Hg) 
QNH  Actual atmosphere pressure at 
sea level based on local station 
pressure. 
QRH  Quick Reference Handbook 
RA  Radio Altitude/Radio Altimeter 
REF  Reference 
RTO  Rejected Take Off 
RTOW  Regulatory Take Off Weight 
RVR  Runway Visual Range 
RWY  Runway 
SAE  Society of Automotive 
Engineers 
SAT  Static Air Temperature 
SB  Service Bulletin 
SFT  Saab Friction Tester 
SID  Standard Instrument Departure 
SOP  Standard Operating 
Procedures 
STD  Standard 
SYS  System 
t  ton, tonne 
T  Temperature 
TAF  Terminal Aerodrome Forecast 
TAS  True Air Speed 
TAT  Total Air Temperature 
TBC  To Be Confirmed 
TBD  To Be Determined 
TEMP  Temperature 
T/O  Take-Off 

TOD  Take-Off Distance 
　
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