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Article 183 In the event ofan accident occurred
to a foreign civil aircraft in the territory of the People's
Republic of China, the State in which the nationality of
the aircraft is registered or other States concerned may
appoint observers to take part in accident investigation.
The report of accident investigation and findings in the
matter shall be communicated by the competent civil
aviation authority under the State Council of the Peo-
ple/s Republic of China to the State in which the na-
tionality of such civil aircraft is registered and other
States concerned.
Chapter Xl\/
Application of Law to Foreign-related Matters
Article 184 Where the provisions of an interna-
tional treaty concluded or acceded to by the People's
Republic of China are different from those of this Law,
the provisions of that international treaty shall apply,
except the provisions for which reservation has been
declared by the People's Republic of China.
In respect of cases which are not provided by the
law of the People/s Republic of China or by the inter-
national treaties concluded or acceded to by the Peo-
ple's Republic of China, international practices may
apply,
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Article 185 The law of the State in which the
nationality of a civil aircraft is registered shall be appli-
cable to the acquisition, transference and extinction of
the ownership of the civil aircraft.
Article 186 The law of the State in which the
nationality of a civil aircraft is registered shall be appli-
cable to the mortgage of the civil aircraft.
Article 187 The law of the location of the court
which takes up the case shall be applicable to civil avia-
tion liens.
Article 188 The parties to a contract ofcivil air
transport may choose the law applicable to the contract
unless otherwise provided by law. In case the parties to
the contract have made no
State most closely related to
such choice, the law of the
the contract shall apply.
Article 189 The law ofthe place where an act of
tort occurred shall be applicable to indemnity for dam-
age caused by a civil aircraft to third parties on the sur-
face.
The law of the location of the court which takes up
the case shall be applicable to the indemnity for damage
caused by civil aircraft over the high seas to third par-
ties on the surface.
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Article 190 The application of foreign laws or
international practices in accordance vvith the provi-
sions of this Chapter shall in no way violate the public
interest of the People's Republic of China.
Chapter XV
Legal Liability
Article 191 Where a person seized an aircraft
by violence, threats thereof or other means, his criminal
responsibility shall be investigated in accordance with
the Decision Regarding the Punishment of the Crimi-
nals Engaged in Aircraft Hijacking.
Article 192 Where a person endangers flight
safety by using violence against a person on board a civ-
il aircraft in flight, but without resulting in serious con-
sequences, his criminal responsibility shall be investi-
gated in accordance with the provisions of Article 105
of the Criminal Law; if grave consequences result from
such act, his criminal responsibility shall be investigated
in accordance with the provisions of Article 106 of the
Criminal Law.
Article 193 A person who, in violation of the
provisions of this Law, conceals and brings explosives,
detonators or other dangerous articles while flying in a
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civil aircraft, or consigns dangerous articles for ship-
ment under the name of non-dangerous articles, but
without resulting in serious consequences, shall be in-
vestigated for his criminal responsibility by applying
mutatis mutandis the provisions of Article 163 of the
Criminal Law; if grave consequences result from such
crime, his criminal responsibility shall be investigated in
accordance with the provisions of Article 110 of the
Criminal Law.
An enterprise or institution which commits the
crime prescribed in the preceding paragraph shall be
subject to a fine, and criminal responsibilities shall be
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The Civil Aviation Law of the People's Republic of China(25)
