离岸直升机起落甲板设计指南 OFFSHORE HELIDECK DESIGN GUIDELINES 1(45)

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To a large extent the design of the basic NUI helideck facility is little different from a manned installation and the sections dealing with structures, systems, etc. should be referred to. However, some readily accepted features that are provided on manned platforms to support routine helicopter operations are often not available on NUIs.
The lack of, or severe limitation to, some of the services available to the flight crews and intervention teams on NUI operations should be fully investigated and accounted for during design.  Where it is possible and economically viable to improve these features, it should be done.  Common deficiencies include:
1.  
Limited or no water available in sufficient quantity / pressure for operating water / foam fire monitor systems to improve fire cover

2.  
Ineffective bird exclusion devices (generally where there is an established guano problem) so that visual aids become obliterated, friction surfaces

are impaired, there is increased potential for bird strikes during helicopter movements and increased personnel exposure to guano raising health issues

3.  
Limited water available at the helideck for efficient guano washdown and disposal to retain efficiency of visual aids

4.  
Poor installation (side) and helideck identification signage, often as a result of contamination due to bird guano.

8.2.2  Main References
CAP 437, Chapter 3.
8.2.3  Definitions
8.2.3.1  Remote Installation
An installation should be considered ‘Remote’ if it is more than 40 nautical miles from the nearest manned installation or airport / heliport.  
The distance of 40 NM has traditionally been used by UK helicopter operators as the criterion for the definition of a ‘Remote’ installation.
Although recognised as arbitrary, factors taken into consideration in the definition are the approximate range of VHF radio, line of sight limitations and areas of similar weather conditions.
8.2.3.2 Normally Unattended
An installation that is normally unattended is defined as an installation where no personnel are permanently present (See also MAR Regulation 4 [Ref: 6]. Personnel attending the Installation and working as intervention or maintenance crews do so on a planned or un-planned basis for short periods (e.g. a working day). The exceptions to these short periods are events where personnel are compelled to remain on board because the means for their recovery to a manned installation or heliport becomes unavailable for any reason (e.g. rapid weather deterioration).  This situation should be regarded as an emergency and therefore suitable temporary accommodation and provisions should be made available.
In the event that personnel are to be continuously present on the installation (e.g. for a period in excess of 24 hours) and helicopter operations are to continue for routine crew changes, etc. the installation should no longer be considered normally unattended.  Therefore, the CAP 437 requirements for a normally attended helideck operation should be met in full.
　
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