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9.8 Access and Escape 107
9.8.1 Introduction 107
9.8.2 Main References 107
9.8.3 Access – General Considerations 108
9.8.4 Escape - General Considerations 109
9.8.5 Platforms 109
9.8.6 Walkways 111
9.8.7 Stairways and Ladders 111
9.8.8 Control of Personnel Access to Helideck 112
9.9 Drainage 112
9.9.1 Introduction 112
9.9.2 Main References 112
9.9.3 Environmental Considerations 113
9.9.4 Operational Considerations 113
9.9.5 Design Considerations 113
9.10 Perimeter Safety Net 115
9.10.1 Introduction 115
9.10.2 Main References 115
9.10.3 Design Considerations 115
9.10.4 Areas to be protected by Perimeter Safety Net 116
9.10.5 Combined Handrail and Safety Nets for Vessels 116
9.10.6 Construction and Inspection Considerations 117
9.10.7 Perimeter Safety Net Load Testing 121
9.11 Tiedown Arrangements 121
9.11.1 Introduction 121
9.11.2 Main References 121
9.11.3 Design Considerations 121
9.12 Helideck Surface Trip Hazards 124
9.13 Helideck Structural Maintenance 124
9.13.1 Main References 124
9.13.2 Introduction 124
10.0 HELIDECK ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS 127
10.1 Introduction 127
10.2 Main References 127
10.3 Background 127
10.4 Design Issues 129
10.4.1 Introduction 129
10.4.2 Aerodynamic Issues and Criteria 130
10.4.3 Plan Location of the Helideck 131
10.4.4 Helideck Height and Air Gap under the Helideck 132
10.4.5 Proximity to Tall Structures 134
10.4.6 Temperature Rise due to Hot Exhausts 136
10.4.7 Cold Flaring and Rapid Blow-down Systems 139
10.5 Special Considerations for Floating Systems and Vessels 140
10.5.1 General 140
10.5.2 Wave Motion Characteristics and Criteria 141
10.5.3 Sea State Characterisation 142
10.5.4 Vessel Motions and Helideck Downtime 142
10.5.5 Helideck Location Dependence 142
10.6 Special Considerations for FPSOs and Dynamically Positioned Vessels 145
10.7 Combined Operations 146
10.7.1 Permanent Arrangements 146
10.7.2 Temporary Arrangements 147
10.8 Examples of Good and Bad Practice in Platform Helideck Location 148
10.8.1 Fixed Installations 149
10.8.2 Semi-submersible and jack-up drilling units 150
10.8.3 Tension Leg Platforms 152
10.8.4 FPSOs 153
10.9 Methods of Design Assessment 155
10.9.1 Introduction 155
10.9.2 Wind Flow Assessment 155
10.9.3 Wind Climate 161
10.9.4 Prevailing Wind Direction 163
10.9.5 Upwind Helideck Location 164
10.9.6 Estimating Helideck Downtime Due to Wind 167
10.10 Presentation of Wind Flow Assessment Results 169
10.10.1 General 169
10.10.2 Presentation of Flow Assessment Results for Design 169
10.10.3 Presentation of Flow Assessment Results for Operations 176
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离岸直升机起落甲板设计指南 OFFSHORE HELIDECK DESIGN GUIDELINES 1(4)
