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8.4 En-Route Controlled Airspace (CAS) shall have PSR and dual SSR (or other co-operative surveillance system) to support the Air Traffic Service in areas of high density and/or high complexity, except that dual SSR/other co-operative surveillance system may only be permitted in En-Route Controlled Airspace of high density and/or complexity at FL 100 and above.
NOTE: In this document, En-Route Controlled Airspace consists of the London FIR, London Upper FIR, Scottish FIR, Scottish Upper FIR and airspace adjacent to these regions for which responsibility has been delegated to the United Kingdom by International Agreement. For further details consult the AIP.
8.5 In addition to the above requirements, PSR is required wherever an ATCU providing radar control services identifies that it is probable for non-transponder equipped aircraft, whether identified or not, to present a hazard to operations due to the uncertainty of their locations.
8.6 Any risks arising from the failure of established surveillance systems must be mitigated such that an equivalent level of flight safety is provided. This may be achieved through the use of alternative operational and engineering contingency arrangements and procedures.
8.7 As indicated in paragraph 7, the use of surveillance systems other than PSR and SSR will require an adequate safety assessment, which relates the Operational Requirement to the system characteristics and performance.
9 Permanent Withdrawal of Surveillance Systems (Radar)
9.1 The following requirements apply at ATC surveillance units responsible for providing Approach and Terminal Control Area (TMA) control services. In addition, these requirements apply to En-Route control services in airspace considered as being complex with high traffic densities.
9.2 PSR shall not be permanently withdrawn from service unless all ATCUs using the PSR system can demonstrate that the traffic demand and complexity can be safely handled using procedural control or remaining surveillance systems and that the airspace is not categorised in the EUROCONTROL Surveillance Standard www.eurocontrol.int/eatm/gallery/content/public/library/euro_stds/Eng/rsurv/ SURVSTD.pdf (this document is currently being reviewed and updated) or other applicable European regulation requiring the provision of PSR.
9.3 SSR, where provided, shall not be permanently withdrawn from service unless all ATCUs using the SSR system can demonstrate that the demand and complexity of traffic can be safely handled using PSR alone.
10 Surveillance Oversight Process
10.1 All equipment capable of transmitting in the 1030 MHz band is required to hold an approval issued by the NISC Secretariat before it is permitted to transmit. The application procedures and the basic planning principles that will be applied before approval of any new interrogator installation or changes to an existing approved interrogator installation are laid out in CAP 761 Operation of IFF/SSR Interrogators in the UK: Planning Principles and Procedures (www.caa.co.uk/cap761).
10.2 Plans in relation to the operation of surveillance air traffic services must be submitted to the relevant Air Traffic Standards Regional Manager. Documents must include adequate safety assessment of the air traffic services, supporting systems, and evidence of compliance with all regulatory and SMS requirements.
NOTE: The following is an example list of topics pertaining to such evidential requirements: SES Certification and Designation; SMS, hazard identification, risk assessment and mitigation; Personnel (ATCO) Licensing and Technical Staff Competence; Operational Procedures; Technical and Interoperability Requirements; Contingency and degraded mode operations.
10.3 The planned temporary or permanent withdrawal of a surveillance system shall be considered a significant safety related change to current operations and the requirements of CAP 670 APP 01 covering safety assurance and CAP 670 Part A Section 5.9 Change Notification Requirements shall apply.
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CAP 670 Air Traffic Services Safety Requirements 2(77)
