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4 Technical Requirements
4.1 As referred to in paragraph 3.5 above, technical requirements are being developed at an EU Level and relevant Regulations will be alerted to stakeholders on a case-by-case basis. Such Regulations include Single European Sky Interoperability Implementing Rules, most notably the Surveillance Performance and Interoperability Implementing Rule (currently being drafted) and EASA Implementing Rules. ICAO SARPs relevant to the surveillance technology being employed are applicable and are referred to, or otherwise incorporated into CAP 670 and EU Level Regulations. The Radio and Telecommunications Terminal Equipment Directive (R&TTED) should also be considered for any applicable requirements.
5 Surveillance Data Recording
5.1 The requirements for Surveillance Data Recording are included in Section SUR 10 of CAP 670.
6 SSR specific Requirements
6.1 ANSPs having their own SSR ground stations shall cease Mode 3/A transmissions by 31 December 2011 and ensure that any SSR ground stations they operate transmit in Mode S in accordance with National IFF/SSR Committee (NISC) requirements (see paragraph 10.1).
6.2 GEN 1-5 of the Aeronautical Information Publication (AIP) describes and notifies for the purpose of Schedule 5 to the Air Navigation Order (ANO) 2009, the UK requirements in relation to carriage of SSR Mode S transponder equipment and the airspace within which operation of SSR Mode A with Mode C altitude reporting SSR transponders may be used until 31 March 2012.
7 Surveillance Systems other than PSR and SSR
7.1 Such systems include ADS and multi-lateration (see Annex A for overview). Furthermore, datalink systems, including CPDLC, could be included in non-radar systems, and hence the divisions between surveillance, datalink, communications and navigation are becoming blurred. Such technologies require special attention to developing adequate safety assessments for any particular operational requirement and environment, including considerations of proven technology, integrity, performance as compared to radar systems (coverage, resolution, accuracy, precision, spurious returns/target data and data update frequency) and appropriateness of sole means status. As for radar systems (PSR & SSR), any safety assessments, for completeness, need to ensure compliance with any prescriptive requirements or International Standards applicable to such non-radar systems. Where this document refers to radar systems and approval thereof, the same regulatory processes will be applied to non-radar systems where applicable.
8 Provision of Surveillance Systems according to Airspace and Air Traffic Services
8.1 The following are general statements in relation to surveillance requirements covering PSR, SSR, Multi-lateration, ADS and other surveillance technology.
8.2 Primary surveillance radar (PSR) is the minimum level of equipment necessary to provide Radar Control, Traffic Service or Deconfliction Service. SSR or other surveillance technologies may, to varying extent, be required to supplement PSR in order to safely accommodate increases in traffic complexity or density.
8.3 Major Terminal Control Areas or Major Terminal Areas, e.g. London, Manchester and Scottish, shall have PSR and dual SSR to support the Air Traffic Service, excepting that SSR only may be permitted in En-Route Controlled Airspace at all levels in areas of light traffic and low complexity and in a Terminal Control Area at FL 100 and above.
Eurocontrol Definition: A major terminal area is the volume of airspace surrounding one or more principal aerodromes. The lateral extent may vary, depending on the disposition of aerodromes within, or adjacent to the terminal area. The vertical dimensions will vary with the way the airspace and the procedures for handling the air traffic flow are organised.)
Dual SSR is defined as two independent SSR sources from separate locations. Fallback to single SSR operations may be permitted temporarily during maintenance or unplanned interruptions.
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CAP 670 Air Traffic Services Safety Requirements 2(76)
