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A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
June 2007
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
June 2007
3.1 CRM
(content)
Enhancing decision making skill
Avoid dangerous attitudes :
• anti-authority
• by luck
• irritable, anger
• act rashly
• give up
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
June 2007
3.1 CRM
(content)
Developing effective interpersonal
Communication styles of behavior
• inquire • argue
• resolve • comment
Developing leadership/followership abilities
Engendering a ‘team’ concept for enhanced
operation performance
• crew objective first
• individual object second
Dealing with pressure
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
June 2007
3.2 TRM
Background
Team range
Approach and main expectation
Main content
Guideline for TRM
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
June 2007
3.2 TRM
(background)
Successful application of CRM
Accidents show : ATCers need coordinating
operation
• US: 50% accidents are contributed by inadequate
communication and coordination(1985-1988)
• China: 29.4% accidents are contributed by error in
L-L interface
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
June 2007
3.2 TRM
(team range)
ACC(Aerodrome,Approach and Enroute)
Teamwork in ATS ATCO:
• flight deck • other sectors
• ATC units • supervisor
• flow management • ATM support staff
• flight data assistance • other ATCO’s•
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
June 2007
3.2 TRM
(ATM TRM training)
Developed by EUROCONTROL 1955-1998
Based on principles of ‘CRM’ training
Customized for ATM operations
Currently being implemented across ECAC member
states
Adapted in Australia as Air Traffic Resource
Management training (ATRM)
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
June 2007
3.2 TRM
(object and main expectation)
Object:
to develop appropriate attitude,
knowledge and skill for safety and
efficiency
• principal objective: to produce guidelines for the
development and implementation of TRM
• second objective: to foster the awareness of the
benefits of teamwork in ATS to produce a draft
syllabus of TRM training courses
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
June 2007
3.2 TRM
(object and main expectation)
Main expectation:
• to reduce teamwork related incidents
• to enhance task efficiency
• to improve use of staff resources
• to enhance continuity and stability of teamwork in future
ATM
• to enhance sense of working as part of a larger and more
efficient team
• to increase job satisfaction
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
June 2007
3.2 TRM
(content)
Human performance and limitation (information
processing,etc)
Situation awareness
Impact of automation
Error management
Change management
Stress,Fatigue
Leadership
Working effectively as a team
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
June 2007
3.2 TRM
(Guideline for TRM development)
1. To let managers and operators know the benefits of
TRM
2. Primary objective: appropriate attitude, knowledge
and skill to enhance TRM
3. Initial phase: concentrate on teamwork among
ATCers, then extend to others
4. Consider TRM principles in future ATM
development-continuity and stability
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
June 2007
3.2 TRM
(Guideline for TRM development)
5. Three phrases:
• introduction/awareness phrase
• practical phrase
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AIRWORTHINESS AND FLIGHT STANDARDS(20)
