曝光台 注意防骗
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person, aircraft, environment and management
design, manufacture, operation , maintenance
Aim:
safety and efficiency
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
June 2007
4. Features of HF
Multiple disciplines
It combines features of many disciplines:
• psychology
• engineering
• anthropology
• sociology
• linguistics
• physiological medicine
• statistics and other math tool
Practice and Practicality:
• theoretical guide is important
• practice is more important too
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
June 2007
5. The conclusion from HF
Super-human or common-human?
30 years ago, this traditional perception has begun
to change:
“ Human Errors” can not be eradicated;
It must be expected; productive systems need to be “error
tolerance”.
They must not rely upon 100% human performance;
develop Automation with man centered.
We must build a “safety net” or a system
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
June 2007
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
AIRWORTHINESS AND FLIGHT STANDARDS
MASTER IN AVIATION SAFETY MANAGEMENT
FLIGHT OPERATIONS
OPS 09 – Air transport safety and human factors
Tianjin
June 2010
June 2007
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
Part 4
Accident and Human Errors
Sun Ruishan
Research Institute of Civil Aviation Safety
Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin, China
Tel：0086-22-24092593
Fax：0086-22-24957940
Email: sunrsh@hotmail.com
http://www.air-safety.com/
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
June 2007
Contents
1. Definition
2. Why and How Do People Have Errors
3. How to Control Human Errors
4. How to Do for Human Errors
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
June 2007
Accidents and Human Errors
STATISTICS on ERROR
2 errors per a flight (LOSA data, 2001)
60-80% of accidents involve human error
(Foushee 1984, Sun 1997 )
How to manage Human Errors?
Good approach or Politics
Learning from past mistake
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
June 2007
1. Definition
ERROR (unsafe act): Definition
A failure arising from
an action that was not completed as intended
a plan for action that was inadequate to begin with
ERROR (unsafe act) : classification 1
skill-based slips (and lapses)
rule-based mistakes
Knowledge-based mistakes
ERROR (unsafe act) : classification 2
• Perceptual errors
Decision errors
• skill-based errors
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
June 2007
2. Why and How Do People Have Errors
Human capacity’s limitation
a) Anthropometry
b) Auditory, Tactual, and Olfactory Displays
c) Visual
d) Process information
e) Make decision
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
June 2007
Anthropometry
Engineering anthropometry
Deals with the measurement of the dimensions
and certain other physical characteristics of the
body segments.
Static dimensions
Measure in the fixed (static) position.
Dynamic (Functional) dimensions
Measure in some physical activity
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
June 2007
Static dimensions
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
June 2007
Dynamic (Functional) dimensions
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
June 2007
Use of anthropometric data
Principles in the application of anthropometric
data
Design for extreme individuals
Ex: heights of doorways
Design for adjustable range
5th percentile female to the 95th percentile male
Design for the average
A checkout counter
Imperfect correlations between body dimensions
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
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AIRWORTHINESS AND FLIGHT STANDARDS(12)
