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OPERATING MANUAL
AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
AUTO FLIGHT - FLIGHT MANAGEMENT
FLIGHT PLANNING - LATERAL FUNCTIONS
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FCOM 19 AUG 10
HOLD WITH MANUAL TERMINATION (HM)
This type of holding pattern may be part of an arrival procedure, or the flight crew may enter it at
present position or at any flight plan waypoint.
The pilot will use this type of holding pattern to comply with a defined procedure or a clearance
limit or to meet an operational need (such as losing altitude, holding for weather improvement, or
absorbing an ATC delay).
This type of holding pattern is exited under pilot decision and not automatically.
There are 3 types of HM, all are modifiable.
A318/A319/A320/A321 FLIGHT CREW
OPERATING MANUAL
AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
AUTO FLIGHT - FLIGHT MANAGEMENT
FLIGHT PLANNING - LATERAL FUNCTIONS
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FCOM 19 AUG 10
DATABASE HOLD
If the holding pattern is part of the database, it is named DATABASE HOLD and all its
associated data (inbound course, turn direction, time/distance) are defined in the data base.
Flight crew can modify this data.
COMPUTED HOLD AT ...
If the holding pattern is not in the database, the FMGC designs a holding pattern and proposes
it to the pilot. The associated data consists of default values that the pilot can modify.
A318/A319/A320/A321 FLIGHT CREW
OPERATING MANUAL
AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
AUTO FLIGHT - FLIGHT MANAGEMENT
FLIGHT PLANNING - LATERAL FUNCTIONS
A318/A319/A320/A321 FLEET DSC-22_20-30-10-10 P 10/32
FCOM 19 AUG 10
HOLD AT ...
If the pilot inserts into the active flight plan a holding pattern that is manually corrected from a
hold defined by the FMGS, the screen displays a “HOLD AT ...” page. The field 2R displays
REVERT TO DATABASE or REVERT TO COMPUTED to restore the database data if
necessary.
PREDICTIONS AND GUIDANCE ASSOCIATED WITH AN HM HOLDING PATTERN (HOLD
WITH MANUAL TERMINATION)
Before deceleration
Although the hold is inserted into the flight plan, the FMGS does not take it into account for
predictions until the aircraft enters the hold.
However, if the hold is not deleted by the crew, the FMGS schedules a deceleration point and
displays it on the ND.
A318/A319/A320/A321 FLIGHT CREW
OPERATING MANUAL
AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
AUTO FLIGHT - FLIGHT MANAGEMENT
FLIGHT PLANNING - LATERAL FUNCTIONS
A318/A319/A320/A321 FLEET DSC-22_20-30-10-10 P 11/32
FCOM 19 AUG 10
The FMGS predicts the estimated time and amount of fuel remaining at which the aircraft
must exit holding so as to comply with fuel policy specified on the fuel prediction page.
When the aircraft enters the holding pattern, the FMGS revises all predictions and assumes
the aircraft to fly one turn of the holding pattern.
All predictions are revised for one more holding circuit at holding fix overfly.
Upon reaching the speed change pseudo waypoint
The FMGS either causes the aircraft to decelerate to the hold speed (if managed speed
is active and NAV mode engaged), or displays “SET HOLD SPD” (set hold speed) on the
MCDU and primary flight display if the flight crew had selected a speed target.
The default hold speed is the lowest of :
‐ Maximum endurance speed
‐ ICAO limit holding speed
‐ Speed constraint (if any).
When no specific speed limit applies, the default hold speed is approximately equal to :
‐ Green Dot speed on the A318, A319, A320 (CFM) and A321
‐ Green Dot +20 kt on the A320 (IAE).
The flight plan predictions for time and fuel do not yet consider that the hold will be flown,
however, the navigation display shows the hold entry and holding pattern trajectory.
A318/A319/A320/A321 FLIGHT CREW
OPERATING MANUAL
AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
AUTO FLIGHT - FLIGHT MANAGEMENT
FLIGHT PLANNING - LATERAL FUNCTIONS
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FCOM 19 AUG 10
Deceleration receives priority, so that when the aircraft is in descent with the descent mode
engaged, it will deviate above the descent path to decelerate. (VDEV becomes positive on
the progress page).
The flight plan page displays an immediate exit prompt.
If the pilot presses the key next to “IMM EXIT” before arriving at the holding fix, the aircraft will
not enter the holding pattern, but will resume its phase-related managed-speed profile.
After reaching the hold entry fix
The aircraft enters the hold. The system assumes that the aircraft will fly one turn of the
holding pattern and revises the predictions accordingly.
A318/A319/A320/A321 FLIGHT CREW
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A320机组操作手册FLIGHT CREW OPERATING MANUAL 1(87)
